Chapter 8 Weather

Match the terms to their definitions.

• Atmosphere

• The condition of the air

• Climate

• The weather conditions an area receives over time

• Weather

• The air surrounding the Earth

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What type of gas makes up most of the air?

• Carbon dioxide
• Nitrogen
• Oxygen
• Helium

Answer explanation

Air is about 78% nitrogen.

What level of the atmosphere has the greatest density of gases?

• Lower

• Middle

• Upper

What happens in the lower atmosphere?

• Weather

• Satellites orbit

• Conditions stay the same

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What weather instrument is used to detect air pressure changes and forecast weather?

• barometer

• anemometer

• thermometer

• hygrometer

Match the terms to their definitions.

• Global Winds

• The atmosphere's ability to keep heat from easily escaping into space

• Greenhouse Effect

• A band of wind high above the Earth that causes a weather system to flow from West to East; Discovered during WWII

• Jet Stream

• Bands of winds which change at certain latitudes; Helps regulate the Earth's temperature; Helped sailors form trading routes

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What type of scientist studies weather?

• zoologist
• botanist
• geologist
• meteorologist

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Which forecasts are usually the most accurate?

• Extended forecasts

• Short-range forecasts

Answer explanation

Short-range forecasts are usually more accurate because they are based on current information.

Match the following terms to their definitions.

• Condensation

• Process by which water vapor changes back into very tiny droplets of liquid water

• Precipitation

• The movement of water from the Earth to the air and back again

• Water Cycle

• Precipitation that eventually trickles into streams

• Evaporation

• Any form of water which falls from the sky to the Earth

• Water Runoff

• Process by which liquid water becomes water vapor

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What is the process of the water cycle in order?

• Heat energy from sun causes EVAPORATION of the Earth's water

• As water vapor rises, it cools and condenses, forming clouds (CONDENSATION)

• As a cloud becomes colder, PRECIPITATION falls from it

• Precipitation waters the Earth into streams, runs off, and eventually returns to the ocean. The water cycle happens continuously. (WATER RUNOFF)

Answer explanation

1. The 4 main processes of the water cycle in order are:

2. 1) Evaporation

3. 2) Condensation

4. 3) Precipitation

5. 4) Water Runoff

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