Gene Expression and Regulation Review

What is the process called that converts DNA to RNA?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Mutation

During the synthesis of proteins, what is the process that translates RNA into a sequence of amino acids?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Mutation

Which of the following best represents the flow of genetic information in cells?

• DNA → Protein → RNA

• RNA → DNA → Protein

• Protein → RNA → DNA

• DNA → RNA → Protein

What does it mean when genes are "ON" in a cell?

• The cell is not transcribing the DNA into mRNA.

• The cell is actively transcribing the DNA into mRNA and the mRNA is being translated to synthesize protein.

• The gene is being "expressed" by not translating the mRNA.

• The cell is removing the gene from the DNA.

What happens when genes are "OFF" in a cell?

• The cell is actively transcribing the DNA into mRNA.

• The mRNA is being translated to synthesize protein.

• The cell is NOT transcribing nor translating the DNA.

• The gene is being duplicated.

What are exons?

• Noncoding DNA segments that are not used by the organism

• DNA remnants of past ancestors or invading bacteria and viruses

• Genes which code for proteins and are segments of DNA that will be expressed

• Segments of DNA that intervene between coding DNA

What are introns?

• Genes which code for proteins and are segments of DNA that will be expressed

• Noncoding DNA segments that are not used by the organism

• Segments of DNA that intervene between coding DNA

• DNA remnants of past ancestors or invading bacteria and viruses that are used by the organism

Which statement is true about Eukaryotic DNA?

• It consists only of exons which are expressed

• It is solely made up of introns

• It is a mixture of exons and introns

• It contains only coding DNA that is used by the organism

What is the role of exons in DNA?

• They are not used by the organism

• They intervene between coding DNA

• They are noncoding DNA, considered junk DNA

• They are segments of DNA which will be expressed and are actively being used by the organism

What is the role of introns in DNA?

• They code for proteins

• They are segments of DNA which intervene between coding DNA and are not used by the organism

• They are expressed segments of DNA

• They are used by the organism to code for proteins