HCT Lec Prelim Cellular Injury and Adaptation

The cellular response to injurious stimuli depends on

• type of injury

• duration of injury

• severity of injury

• state of the cell

• adaptability of the cell

The consequences of cell injury depend on:

• type of cell

• duration of injury

• severity of injury

• state of the cell

• adaptability of the cell

Arrange the following events:

I. Obligatory water absorption

II. Reduced Na+/K+ pump activity
III. Reduced cellular ATP

IV. Cellular swelling
V. Hypoxia
VI. Na+ influx

• V - III - II - VI - I - IV

• I - II - III - IV - V - VI

• V - II - III- I - IV- VI

• I - V - II- VI - III - IV

What does calcium activates in which destroys the plasma membrane of the cell?

• Phospholipase

• Endonuclease

• ATPase

• Proteases

• Caspases

Which of the following causes reduced intracellular pH during hypoxia?

• accumulation of lactic acid due to increased anaerobic glycolysis

• calcium influx due to failure of calcium pump

• Na+ influx due to reduced Na+/K+ pump activity

• all of the choices

• none of the choices

Cytoskeletal abnormalities is caused by:

• lipid peroxidation

• protease activity

• ATP depletion

• phospholipase activity

Increased reactive oxygen species could:

• damage lipids, proteins, DNA

• activate multiple cellular enzymes

• cause enzymatic digestion of cellular components

• all of the choices

• none of the choices

Entry of Ca+ in the cell could:

• damage lipids, proteins, DNA

• activate multiple cellular enzymes

• cause enzymatic digestion of cellular components

• all of the choices

• none of the choices

Lysosomal membrane damage could:

• damage lipids, proteins, DNA

• activate multiple cellular enzymes

• cause enzymatic digestion of cellular components

• all of the choices

• none of the choices

equilibrium; “steady state”

• Homeostasis

• Hemostasis

• Adaptation

• Growth

• Differentiation