Natural Selection & Evolution

Natural Selection

• The process by which organisms adapt to their environment by choice
• The process by which organisms randomly change to survive
• A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

• The process by which organisms become less adapted to their environment

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Over Production (biology)

• species produce more offspring than possibly can survive.

• Production that meets the market demand
• Optimal production matching market demand
• Under production due to lack of demand

Variation

• Stability or equilibrium
• differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs

• Uniformity or consistency
• Stagnation or sameness

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Adaptation

• Stagnation
• Resistance to modification
• An inherited characteristic that improves an individual's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

• Refusal to change

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Mimicry

• Mimicry is the adaptation of an organism to its surroundings to avoid predators.
• Mimicry is the act of an organism imitating the behavior of another species for survival.
• adaptation in which one species evolves to resemble another species for protection or other advantages

• Mimicry is the process of an organism changing its appearance to blend in with its environment.

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Camouflage

• Drawing attention to oneself
• Wearing bright colors
• Any color, pattern, shape, or behavior that enables an organism to blend in with its surroundings

• Standing out in the crowd

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Fitness

• Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

• Intellectual capacity
• Flexibility and balance
• Emotional well-being

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Descent with Modification

• Adaptation by artificial selection
• Mutation without variation
• Stagnation with modification
• principle that each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time; Evolution by natural selection

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Cladogram

• Chart used in astrology to predict future events
• Graph used in chemistry to show the relationship between elements
• Map used in geography to display topographical features
• A diagram that is based on patterns of shared, derived traits and that shows the evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms

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Evolution

• Change in an organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

• Sudden transformation in all organisms
• Static development of life
• Revolution of species

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