JVP, Palpitation

The neck vein of choice for JVP measurement is

• Right internal jugular vein

• Right external jugular vein

• Left internal jugular vein

• Right external jugular vein

Which JVP wave follows the P wave on ECG

• v wave

• a wave

• x descent

• y descent

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of jugular venous pressure (JVP) waves in a normal cardiac cycle?

• a wave → x descent → y descent → v wave

• x descent → v wave → a wave → y descent

• a wave → x descent → v wave → y descent

• x descent → a wave → v wave → y descent

In the jugular venous pressure (JVP) waveform, the "x descent" is primarily associated with which of the following cardiac events?

• Atrial contraction

• Ventricular relaxation

• Ventricular contraction

• Atrial relaxation

Which abnormality in jugular venous pressure (JVP) waves is typically associated with conditions like tricuspid stenosis or right ventricular failure?

• Cannon a waves

• Absent x descent

• Absent y descent

• Prominent x descent

Which of the following is NOT a typical finding in the assessment of jugular venous pressure (JVP)?

• Pulsation

• Distention

• Diminishing with inspiration

• Increased prominence in supine position

Which of the following statements regarding jugular venous pressure (JVP) measurement is correct?

• JVP is measured at the intersection of the midclavicular line and the fourth intercostal space.

• The presence of cannon waves in JVP indicates normal atrial contraction.

• A normal JVP is typically between 3 to 5 cm above the sternal angle.

• JVP gives information on left ventricle

Kussmaul's sign, as described in medical literature, involves which of the following phenomena?

• A paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) during inspiration.

• A decrease in jugular venous pressure (JVP) during inspiration.

• A rapid decrease in blood pressure during inspiration.

• An irregular heartbeat pattern during inspiration.

Kussmaul's sign is typically observed in which of the following conditions?

• Aortic regurgitation

• Constrictive pericarditis

• Mitral stenosis

• Atrial fibrillation

In a patient with elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP), which of the following descriptions best represents what would typically be observed?

• The neck veins appear flat and collapsed.

• The pulsations in the neck veins are barely visible.

• The neck veins are distended and may show prominent pulsations.

• The neck veins demonstrate a slow and gradual filling pattern during diastole.