Markovnikov Rule

What is the definition of Markovnikov rule?

• The Markovnikov rule states that in addition reactions to unsymmetrical alkenes, the hydrogen atom is added to the carbon atom that has the lesser number of hydrogen atoms already bonded to it.

• The Markovnikov rule states that in addition reactions to unsymmetrical alkenes, the hydrogen atom is added to the carbon atom randomly.

• The Markovnikov rule states that in addition reactions to unsymmetrical alkenes, the hydrogen atom is added to the carbon atom that has the same number of hydrogen atoms already bonded to it.

• The Markovnikov rule states that in addition reactions to unsymmetrical alkenes, the hydrogen atom is added to the carbon atom that has the greater number of hydrogen atoms already bonded to it.

According to Markovnikov rule, where does the hydrogen atom add in a hydrogen halide addition reaction?

• To the carbon atom with the double bond in the starting alkene

• To the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms in the starting alkene

• To the carbon atom with the most substituents in the starting alkene

• To the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms in the starting alkene

In the addition of HBr to an alkene, which carbon atom does the bromine atom attach to according to Markovnikov rule?

• The bromine atom attaches to the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms attached.

• The bromine atom attaches to the carbon atom with the most oxygen atoms attached.

• The bromine atom attaches to a random carbon atom in the alkene.

• The bromine atom attaches to the carbon atom with the least hydrogen atoms attached.

What is the rationale behind Markovnikov rule?

• The rationale behind the Markovnikov rule is to predict the reaction rate of the addition of protic acids to alkenes

• The rationale behind the Markovnikov rule is to predict the regiochemistry of the addition of protic acids to alkenes.

• The rationale behind the Markovnikov rule is to predict the stereochemistry of the addition of protic acids to alkenes

• The rationale behind the Markovnikov rule is to predict the color of the product

What is the general statement of Markovnikov rule?

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon with more oxygen atoms, and the halogen adds to the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms.

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon with more carbon atoms, and the halogen adds to the carbon with fewer carbon atoms.

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms, and the halogen adds to the carbon with more hydrogen atoms.

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon with more hydrogen atoms, and the halogen adds to the carbon with fewer hydrogen atoms.

What is the significance of Markovnikov rule in organic chemistry?

• The Markovnikov rule is used to predict the color of organic compounds.

• The Markovnikov rule determines the solubility of organic compounds in water.

• The Markovnikov rule is related to the chirality of organic compounds.

• The Markovnikov rule predicts the regiochemistry of the addition reaction in organic chemistry.

What are the limitations of Markovnikov rule?

• It always predicts the regioselectivity of all reactions

• It cannot predict the regioselectivity of all reactions.

• It is always accurate in predicting the regioselectivity of reactions

• It is only applicable to a specific type of reaction

How does the Markovnikov rule apply to the addition of water to an alkene?

• The hydroxyl group adds to the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms already attached, and the hydrogen adds to the other carbon atom.

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms already attached, and the hydroxyl group adds to the other carbon atom.

• Hydrogen adds to the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms already attached, and the hydroxyl group adds to the other carbon atom.

• Hydrogen adds to both carbon atoms, and the hydroxyl group adds to the oxygen atom.

Explain the concept of regioselectivity in the context of Markovnikov rule.

• Regioselectivity is the preference for the formation of the least stable isomer in a chemical reaction.

• Regioselectivity is the preference for the formation of the isomer with the highest molecular weight in a chemical reaction.

• Regioselectivity is the preference for the formation of the isomer with the lowest number of carbon atoms in a chemical reaction.

• Regioselectivity is the preference for the formation of one constitutional isomer over another in a chemical reaction according to the Markovnikov rule.