Viral Infections Quiz

What is a typical virus composed of?

• DNA or RNA surrounded by a lipid envelope

• DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat or capsid

• Protein coat or capsid surrounded by a cell membrane

• DNA or RNA surrounded by a cell wall

What are bacteriophages?

• Viruses that infect animals

• Viruses that infect bacteria

• Bacteria that infect viruses

• Bacteria that infect animals

During a lytic infection, what happens to the host cell at the end of the cycle?

• The cell becomes immune to further viral infections

• The cell divides into two new cells

• The cell bursts or lyses, releasing hundreds of viruses

• The cell's DNA is replaced entirely by viral DNA

What is the first step in a lysogenic infection?

• The bacteriophage DNA forms a circle

• The bacteriophage DNA integrates into the host's DNA

• The host cell lyses and releases viruses

• The bacteriophage DNA replicates independently of the host's DNA

What can cause the prophage in a lysogenic infection to become active?

• Antibiotics

• Radiation, heat, and chemicals

• The presence of other bacteria

• The absence of a host cell

What is the genetic material found in viruses?

• Only DNA

• Only RNA

• Either DNA or RNA

• Neither DNA nor RNA

Can viruses grow and develop on their own outside a host cell?

• Yes, they can grow independently

• Yes, but only in multicellular organisms

• No, they cannot grow and develop

• No, but they can obtain and use energy

How do viruses reproduce?

• Through binary fission

• Only within a host cell

• By budding from the host cell

• Independently without a host

What is a retrovirus?

• A virus that contains DNA that produces an RNA copy of their RNA upon infecting a cell

• A virus that contains RNA that produces a DNA copy of their RNA upon infecting a cell

• A virus that only infects retrograde cells

• A virus that has been eradicated

Do viruses respond to the environment?

• Yes, like all living organisms

• Yes, but only in multicellular organisms

• No, they do not respond to the environment

• No, but they can change over time