Evolutionary scientist Study Guide

the process whereby individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully 

• Natural selection
• Random selection
• Artificial selection
• Unnatural selection

a well supported, testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world

• educated guess
• random assumption
• theory

• unsubstantiated opinion

a trait that develops during an organism’s lifetime and is then passed onto offspring; ex. giraffe stretches its neck to make it longer by reaching for food and then passes this long-necked trait on to offspring

• Mendelian inheritance
• Darwinian inheritance
• Aquired Trait

• Pangenesis inheritance

an English naturalist who made numerous observations during his travels which led him to pose a hypothesis about how life changes over time

• Albert Einstein
• Isaac Newton
• Galileo Galilei
• Charles Darwin

 Charles Darwin made observations of finches and tortoises on the _____________________ Islands

• Galapagos
• Hawaiian
• Falkland
• Bermuda

 ___________________published his own theory of evolution by natural selection about the same time as Charles Darwin.

• Alfred Wallace

• Johannes Kepler
• Galileo Galilei
• Isaac Newton

proposed that the Earth is shaped by geological forces over extremely long periods of time, and that the Earth is very old

• Wallace

• Lamarck

• Darwin

• Hutton & Lyell

  ___________________: proposed that the selective use or disuse of a body part led to a change in the body part that was then passed on to the offspring.

• Darwin
• Newton
• Lamarck
• Einstein

___________________: “change over time”; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms  

• Evolution
• Revolution
• Devolution
• Solution

What was the name of Darwin's boat?

• SS Dolphin
• HMS Victory
• HMS Beagle
• USS Constitution