4th 6 week test

A student examines the winged insect shown below. Based on the dichotomous key, in what order should this insect be classified?

• Mantodea

• Raphidioptera

• Coleoptera

• Lepidoptera

Which statement explains the increase in gill surface area in some Lake Victoria Cichlids?

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to change their diet and avoid competing with the Nile perch.

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to be camouflaged and avoid being eaten by the Nile perch.

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to leave Lake Victoria and establish populations in nearby bodies of water.

• Increased gill surface area has allowed the cichlids to better absorb the limited oxygen in the water.

A farmer wants to increase the amount of food produced by corn crops. If the farmer selectively breeds the plants, for which trait should the farmer select?

• Taller stems

• Deeper roots

• Resistance to pesticides

• More cobs on plant

A few years ago the population of male blue moon butterflies on the island of Samoa declined. One hypothesis for the decline of the male butterflies is that a parasite infected the cells of the male butterflies. The parasite was passed to offspring through the females’ eggs and killed female butterfly embryos. At one point during the decline, nearly all the butterflies in the population were females, but after five years the number of males in the population increased significantly. Which explanation most likely accounts for the increase in the number of male butterflies in the five years after the initial parasite problem?

• Male butterflies in the population that survived were able to prey on the parasites living in the females’ egg cells.

• Female butterflies in the population that survived had a genetic adaptation that allowed them to transform into male butterflies.

• Male butterflies in the population that survived had a gene that made them resistant to the parasite, and they passed the gene on to their offspring.

• Female butterflies in the population that survived were able to protect the male eggs from the parasite and provide extra care for the male offspring.

What purpose does the xylem in a plant serve?

• Transportation of food and nutrients

• Transportation of water and minerals

• Anchors the plant in the ground

• Transforms energy through photosynthesis

Mudskippers are a species of fish which, over thousands of generations, have developed adaptations that allow them not only to survive outside of the water, but to actually travel from one water source to another. What environmental condition most likely led to these adaptations?

• Lower temperatures

• Frequent droughts

• Larger predators

• Increased precipitation

Which of the following adaptations helps birds fly?

• They have more fat than most animals, so they can fly for long distances.

• They have hollow bones, so they are lighter.

• They have smaller blood vessels, so their hearts have to work less in flight.

• They have a larger stomach, so they can absorb food faster.

How do gills of fish help their survival?

• Gills allow fish to break down water into oxygen and hydrogen.

• Gills allow fish to process energy quicker so they can move faster.

• Gills allow fish to breathe in air and water.

• Gills allow fish to use the oxygen dissolved in the water.

Which type of energy is formed during the process of photosynthesis?

• Chemical

• Radiant

• Thermal

• Kinetic

The diagram provided illustrates the process of photosynthesis, including the substances used by and produced by plants. What is the identity of the chemical represented by the question mark in the diagram?

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

• Glucose

• Nitrogen