Ethical Values Quiz

According to the text, what leads to happiness and a feeling of comfort and good fortune?

• Nonmoral values

• Moral values

• Rational values

• Ethical values

What is the Latin word for "moral" that is mentioned in the text?

• Ethos

• Moralis

• Custom

• Ethical

Which of the following is NOT listed as a characteristic of nonmoral values in the text?

• Compassion

• Independence

• Prestige

• Wealth

What does the text suggest is a fundamental expression of our rational human nature?

• Ethical reasoning

• Moral reasoning

• Moral values

• Morality

According to Lawrence Kohlberg, what is Stage 1 of moral development characterized by?

• Respect for universal rules and equality

• Avoidance of punishment and fear of punishment

• Self-sacrificing behavior and viewing others' needs as more important

• Obeying social rules and going along with majority rule

What does Carol Gilligan believe about men's moral development compared to women's?

• Men's moral development is more advanced than women's

• Men's moral development is based on duty and principle orientation

• Women's moral development is identical to men's

• Women's moral development is based on a justice perspective

What percentage of American adults reach the postconventional moral reasoning stage, according to the text?

• Less than 10%

• About 25%

• More than 50%

• Nearly 75%

What is Stage 6 of Kohlberg's moral development theory?

• Making decisions based on self-interest

• Maintaining society by respecting authority and rules

• Recognizing universal rules, such as justice and equality

• Obeying social rules for the protection of minimal rights

What is the main critique Carol Gilligan had regarding Kohlberg's research on moral development?

• It was conducted on a diverse group of people

• It included both men and women equally

• It was conducted solely on men

• It was based on outdated theories

According to the text, what is the conventional level of moral reasoning for women characterized by?

• Being self-centered and egotistical

• Being influenced by peers and engaging in self-destructive behavior

• Being usually self-sacrificing and putting the needs and welfare of others ahead of their own

• Reaching postconventional moral reasoning