Neural Integration

Variation of nerve signals is mainly due to:

• Different types of neurotransmitters.

• Facilitation and inhibition at presynaptic cell.

• How different receptors bind to a neurotransmitter. (Ex: ACh receptors in cardiac vs. skeletal muscle).

• Both B and C.

Inhibitory signals cause ___ or __ channels to open.

What does a facilitating neuron release?

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What does an inhibitory neuron release?

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Activity of an Inhibitory neuron causes...

• an IPSP at the presynaptic neuron

• an EPSP at the presynaptic neuron

• Serotonin to be released, causing CA++ channels of the presynaptic cell to stay open longer.

• GABA to be releases and causes CA ++ channels to stay closed.

• Both A and D

Temporal summation refers to the addition of all EPSPs and IPSPs of a ______ synapse over ____. The time frame in which signals are added is _ ms.

Spatial summation is

• addition of all IPSPs and EPSPs from different synapses happening simultaneously

• Addition of EPSPs and IPSPs over a short period of time.

• All signals happening within a particular space over time.

• when IPSPs and EPSPs are generated so quickly they add on to each other before the other fades.

Draw what a temporal summation would look like.

Label RMP, threshold, and EPSPs or IPSPs.

If a postsynaptic neural receives an EPSP of +10 mV followed by an IPSP of -5mV 0.7 ms later. What is the GPSP? What type of summation is this?

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Answer explanation

-70 + 10 -5 = -65. This is temporal summation.