Carbohydrates - A Level Biology_5

What is amylose made up of?

• a) Alpha glucose molecules joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds

• b) Beta glucose molecules joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds

• c) Alpha glucose molecules joined by 1-6 glycosidic bonds

• d) Fructose molecules joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds

How many alpha glucose molecules are typically joined together in amylose?

• Approximately 205,000

• Two to five
• Fifty to sixty
• Ten to twenty

What causes amylose to form a coil?

• a) Joining beta glucose molecules together

• b) Joining alpha glucose molecules with 1-6 glycosidic bonds

• c) Joining alpha glucose molecules with 1-4 glycosidic bonds at a slight angle

• d) Joining alpha glucose molecules with 1-4 glycosidic bonds in a straight line

What is the main difference between amylose and amylopectin?

• a) Amylose has more branches than amylopectin

• b) Amylopectin has more 1-6 glycosidic bonds than amylose

• c) Amylopectin has more alpha glucose molecules than amylose

• d) Amylose has more 1-4 glycosidic bonds than amylopectin

What is the function of the branches in amylopectin?

• To prevent the storage of glucose molecules
• To convert glucose into fructose
• To increase the acidity of the amylopectin
• They allow for quick release of energy

What is glycogen and how does it relate to amylopectin?

• a) Glycogen is found in plants and is a simpler form of starch than amylopectin

• b) Glycogen is a type of sugar that forms the branches in amylopectin

• c) Glycogen is a polysaccharide similar to amylopectin, found in animals, and serves as a storage form of glucose

• d) Glycogen is another name for amylose, found in animals, and serves as a structural component of cell walls

What type of glucose molecules is cellulose made of?

• Beta-glucose
• Sucrose
• Fructose
• Alpha-glucose

How are the beta glucose molecules arranged in cellulose to avoid coiling?

• Circular, twisted
• Cross-linked, helical
• inverted, every other molecule

• Branched, coiled

What type of bonds join the beta glucose molecules in cellulose?

• Ionic bonds
• Beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds
• Covalent bonds
• Hydrogen bonds

What is the consequence of arranging beta glucose molecules in cellulose in a straight pattern?

• Formation of weak and flexible chains
• Formation of circular and unstable chains
• No impact on the structure of cellulose
• Formation of strong, rigid, and linear/straight chains