Sparta & Athens

What part of Greece was Sparta located in?

• Peloponnesus

• Attica

• Macedonia

• Crete

What was Sparta rich in? How did they grow?

• Iron ore

• Wood

• Spices

• They grew with trade routes

• They grew by invading and capturing neighboring
  city-states

Describe Spartan culture/society

• They wrote the Iliad & Odyssey

• They did little with science and the arts

• They were suspicious of new ideas and foreigners

• They had a reputation for being laconic (using as few words as necessary when speaking)

• • Their athletes usually won the Olympic Games

What are the 3 groups in Sparta?

• A Helot- a slave

• A Spartan-full citizen with rights

• A Perioeci- free with no rights

• A Serf- free farmer with no rights

What happened in 650 BC in Sparta? What changed in Sparta as a result?

• Sparta was conquered by Thebes

• • The Helots and Perioeci revolted 

• Sparta allied themselves with Athens

• • Sparta became a highly trained military society and maintained tight control over Helots and Perioeci for the next 250 years

• Sparta opened their polis up to trade and thrived in a merchant- based economy

What happened to Spartan males at age 7?

• Boys were taught by tutors philosophy, the classics, reading, and writing

• Boys were taught in military barracks to read, write, and use weapons

• Boys could be sold into slavery to pay for their family debts

• • Boys were taken from their homes and placed in military barracks

What benefits did Spartan women have?

• They could express opinions

• They could own property and become wealthy

• They were able to train in gymnastics, wrestling, and boxing

• They could vote

• They didn't have to get married

What are the parts of Sparta's government

• 2 hereditary kings (from 2 different ruling families) ruled jointly over the military and served as the priests of Zeus

• • An assembly- made of all male citizens over the age of 20 met once a month to pass laws and to make decisions about war and peace 

• The 5 Ephors- chosen by the assembly each year and could veto legislation passed.

• Council of Ephesus- 10 men age 40 or older with the power to construct armies and fight in their own military campaigns

• The Council of Elders-28 men over age of 60 proposed laws to the Assembly and served as the highest court

Who did Sparta lose to in 371 BC that led to their demise as a Greek power?

• Thebes

• Athens

• Corinth

• Macedonia

• Megara

What is a free foreigner who works as a merchant or artisan within Athens?

• Helot

• Metic

• Serf

• Proeticia