A&P Ch. 3 PLTL

Which structure is considered the "control center" of the cell?

• Mitochondria
• Nucleus
• Golgi apparatus
• Endoplasmic reticulum

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Define "active transport" in the context of cellular physiology.

• The movement of substances across a membrane using energy, typically ATP, against their concentration gradient.

• The passive movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

• The process by which large particles are engulfed by the cell membrane and transported into the cell.

• The exchange of materials between a cell and its environment through vesicles.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane consists of a single layer of phospholipids.

• True

• False

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump (Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase) in cellular function?

• It helps maintain the resting membrane potential of cells.

• It facilitates the diffusion of ions down their concentration gradients.

• It is involved in the synthesis of ATP.

• It regulates the movement of water molecules across the cell membrane.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

• Store genetic information
• Cell recognition and communication

• Provide structural support to the cell
• Regulate the passage of substances in and out of the cell

Define "primary active transport" in the context of cellular physiology.

• The passive movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

• The process by which water molecules move across a semipermeable membrane to equalize solute concentrations.

• The movement of substances across a membrane using energy derived directly from the hydrolysis of ATP.

• The exchange of materials between a cell and its environment through vesicles.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The extracellular fluid (ECF) refers to the fluid found inside the cell.

• True

• False

Define "Organelle" in the context of cell biology.

• The semi-permeable barrier that separates the cell from its external environment.

• The fluid-filled region within a cell, excluding the nucleus.

• The outermost layer of a cell, responsible for providing structural support and protection.

• A membrane-bound structure within a cell that performs specific functions necessary for cell survival.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is tonicity?

• The concentration of solutes inside a cell compared to the concentration outside the cell.

• The ability of a solution to cause a cell to shrink or swell.

• The pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium within the cell.

• The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Explain the term "symporter" as it relates to membrane transport.

• A membrane protein that allows ions or molecules to move freely across the membrane.

• A membrane protein that requires ATP to transport ions or molecules against their concentration gradient.

• A membrane protein that exchanges two different ions or molecules in opposite directions.

• A membrane protein that transports two different ions or molecules in the same direction.