Approaches to Research

Which of the following is NOT one of the approaches to research listed in the image?

• Experimental research

• Clinical or case study

• Surveys

• Archival research

What type of research is linked with both naturalistic observation and surveys according to the image?

• Experimental research

• Clinical research

• Correlational research

• Qualitative research

What does correlational research study?

• The cause and effect relationship between two variables

• The relationship between two variables

• The historical significance of two variables

• The statistical significance of a single variable

What happens to the variables in correlational research?

• As one variable changes, the other remains constant

• As one variable changes, the other does as well

• Both variables change in opposite directions

• Both variables are independent of each other

What is a positive correlation?

• When one variable increases, the other decreases

• When one variable decreases, the other also decreases

• When one variable increases, the other also increases

• There is no relationship between the variables

What is a negative correlation?

• When one variable increases, the other also increases

• When one variable decreases, the other also decreases

• When one variable increases, the other remains constant

• When one variable increases, the other decreases

What does it mean if there is no correlation between two variables?

• The variables change in the same direction

• The variables change in opposite directions

• The change in one variable predicts the change in the other

• There is no predictable change between the variables

What does the sign (positive or negative) of a correlation coefficient indicate?

• A) The strength of the correlation

• B) The direction of the correlation

• C) The numerical value of the correlation

• D) The statistical significance of the correlation

What is the range of values for a correlation coefficient (r)?

• A) Between 0 and 1

• B) Between -1 and 0

• C) Between -1 and 1

• D) Between 0 and 100

What does the number value of a correlation coefficient represent?

• A) The probability of the correlation

• B) The direction of the correlation

• C) The strength of the correlation

• D) The variance explained by the correlation