Biology Cat 1 Vocab

Definition: having the same osmotic pressure in any fluids

• Mitochondria

• Osmosis

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

Definition: a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria

• Nucleus

• Viruses

• Prokaryote

• Ribosome

Definition: a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose

• Cell Wall

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Cell Membrane

A dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material.

• Chloroplasts

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.

• Active Transport

• Exocytosis

• Osmosis

• Facilitated Diffusion

Viruses infect our cells, replicate, and then need to leave. One of the ways they choose to leave is by destroying the host cell. They do this by cutting (lysing) their way out.

• Prokaryote

• Lysogenic Cycle

• Lytic Cycle

• Active Transport

A process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane is called:

• Osmosis

• Endocytosis

• Nucleus

• Exocytosis

A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins is a:

• Mitochondria

• Eukaryote

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

In green plant cells, a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place is called:

• Cell Membrane

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

• Chloroplasts

The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes is defined as:

• Hemolysis

• Osmosis

• Exocytosis

• Homeostasis