Water and Wind Review

Which process causes wind?

• ocean currents

• differences in elevation

• condensation in the atmosphere

• the uneven heating of Earth by the sun

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The diagram shows how warm water and cold water move in the ocean. Which process does the diagram show?

• radiation

• convection

• absorption

• conduction

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Which type of current occurs when surface water on the ocean becomes denser than the water below it and sinks?

• upwelling

• deep current

• surface current

• Coriolis current

At different places on Earth, depending on elevation, air pressure varies. What causes air pressure?

• weight of air

• the sun’s energy

• Earth’s magnetic field

• the density of nitrogen

Some characteristic types of wind result where global pressure belts meet. Which is the name of a zone of weak, variable winds located at 30 °N and 30 °S latitude?

• jet streams

• local winds

• the doldrums

• the horse latitudes

What causes air pressure at any point on Earth?

• carbon dioxide levels

• water vapor in the air

• the weight of the atmosphere

• the strength of Earth’s magnetic field

During the day, water from the ocean is transferred to the atmosphere. Which statement describes the energy change that takes place during the transfer?

• The ocean is cooled when energy is transferred from the atmosphere to the ocean.

• Ocean waves speed up when energy is transported from the ocean to the atmosphere.

• Ocean waves slow down when energy is transported from the atmosphere to the ocean.

• The atmosphere is warmed when energy is transferred from the ocean to the atmosphere.

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Energy is transported to the equator from the continents. Which statement best describes the flow of energy in the global ocean?

• Energy in deep currents is transported to the ocean’s surface.

• Energy in warm surface currents is transported to areas near Earth’s poles.

• Energy is transported from areas of lower temperature to areas of higher temperature.

• Energy is transported from the equator to the continents.

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The diagram shows the direction of winds and currents for the area near the north Atlantic Ocean. Which best explains why the arrows are curved for the westerlies and the trade winds?

• The sun is shining and warming the air from the right side of this diagram.

• The ocean currents create winds flowing in a similar direction to the current.

• The Coriolis effect causes the winds to curve that way because Earth rotates from left to right.

• The Coriolis effect causes the winds to curve that way because Earth rotates from right to left.

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Large bodies of water store thermal energy. This causes temperature differences and surface currents that affect climate and weather. What are surface currents?

• daily changes in the level of ocean water

• water that empties from rivers into the ocean

• the slow mixing of warm and cold water near the surface of the ocean

• streamline movements of water that happen near the surface of the ocean

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