Orbit of Objects CFA

Using the Ellipse models you created in class and the image above:

Which of the following statements is true?

• When the two pins of the ellipse are moved apart they become more circular.

• When the two pins of the ellipse are moved apart they become more elongated.

• When the two pins of the ellipse are moved closer it becomes more elongated.

• There is no change in shape when moving the distance between pins.

Using the table above which of the following would be true?

• The blue dot would complete its ellipse faster.

• The blue dot would take longer to complete its ellipse.

• The green dot would take longer to complete its ellipse.

• The take to complete the ellipse would be the same for both dots.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Using the information you know about our solar system, which of the following planets would orbit the sun the fastest?

• Venus

• Mars

• Saturn

• Neptune

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Based on Kepler’s 2nd law and the image above, explain the difference between the speed of the orbits points C and D (when a planet is nearest to the sun) and points B and A (when a planet is furthest from the sun). Write a paragraph using evidence and reasoning to justify your answer.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Eccentricity is a measure of how stretched or circular an ellipse is. The formula for eccentricity (e) in terms of the semi-major axis (a) and the distance from the center to a focus (c) is: 

e= c/a

Question:

Claim: The orbit of a planet can be described by its eccentricity.

Evidence: Use the formula e=c/a to find eccentricity, where e is eccentricity, c is the distance between the focus, and a is the length of the major axis. 

Reasoning: Explain how the value of eccentricity relates to the shape of the planet's orbit. What does an eccentricity of 0 mean, and what does an eccentricity greater than 0 imply about the orbit? Provide examples or images from your model to support your explanation.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4