Infrastructure II

Which of the following interfaces is used to connect a monitor to a computer and supports high-definition video and audio?

• HDMI

• Bluetooth

• USB

• RJ-45

Answer explanation

HDMI, or High-Definition Multimedia Interface, is used to transmit high-definition video and audio from a device to a display. Bluetooth is a wireless technology used for connecting devices over short distances, but it doesn't support high-definition video transmission like HDMI. The RJ-45 connector is typically used for Ethernet networks, not for transmitting video and audio signals. While some types of USB can transmit video and audio, it is not as commonly used for this purpose as HDMI.

Linda is at a coffee shop and wants to purchase her drink using a contactless payment method. She takes out her smartphone and hovers it near the payment terminal, which instantly completes the transaction without the need for physical contact or inserting a card. Which wireless technology is commonly used for contactless payments and data transfer?

• Thunderbolt

• Bluetooth

• NFC

• USB

Answer explanation

NFC (Near Field Communication) is a wireless technology commonly used for contactless payments and data transfer. It allows for short-range communication between devices by bringing them close together, typically within a few centimeters. NFC is commonly found in mobile devices, such as smartphones and payment cards, and enables convenient and secure transactions. USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a wired technology used for connecting peripherals and transferring data between devices. It is not typically used for contactless payments or wireless data transfer. Thunderbolt is a high-speed peripheral device interface primarily used for data transfer and connecting peripherals to a computer. It is not commonly used for contactless payments or wireless data transfer. Bluetooth is a wireless technology commonly used for short-range communication between devices, such as connecting a computer to a wireless mouse or keyboard. While it can support data transfer, it is not primarily used for contactless payments.

Which network connection types utilize wireless technology? (Select two).

• DSL

• Radio Frequency

• Cable

• Satellite

• Fiberoptic

Answer explanation

Wireless connections utilize radio frequency signals for data transmission. This includes technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and NFC, which are commonly used for short-range wireless communication between devices. Satellite connections use satellites to transmit data signals, enabling connectivity in remote areas. However, satellite connections are not wireless in the traditional sense as they require satellite dishes and receivers for communication. Cable connections use physical cables, such as coaxial or Ethernet cables, for data transmission and are not wireless connections. Fiber optic connections use fiber optic cables to transmit data and are not wireless connections. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) uses telephone lines for data transmission and is not a wireless connection.

Which of the following devices is normally utilized by healthcare professionals for patient monitoring, sometimes remotely, and diagnostic purposes?

• Steaming media devices

• mobile phone

• medical devices

• workstations

Answer explanation

Medical devices are specifically designed for healthcare fields, offering vital patient monitoring and diagnostic capabilities. The use of electronic technology to remotely monitor and configure medical devices is rapidly expanding beyond traditional healthcare settings, encompassing portable devices like cardiac monitors/defibrillators and insulin pumps. This enables healthcare professionals to remotely make necessary adjustments to dosage levels or settings, reducing the need for patients to physically visit their care providers. Workstations are powerful computing devices mainly used for complex calculations, professional-grade graphic design or programming, not medical diagnosis and monitoring. Streaming media devices mainly provide digital entertainment. They are not designed for direct medical usage. Mobile phones, while versatile, are not specifically intended for medical diagnoses or direct patient monitoring.

When setting up a secure wireless network, which of the following encryption methods should be MOST avoided due to known vulnerabilities?

• WPA

• WPA2

• WEP

• open access/ captive portal

Answer explanation

Explanation

WEP, or Wired Equivalent Privacy, has known vulnerabilities that make it a risky choice for securing a network. It's an older method of encryption that's been largely superseded by more secure options. Open access is not an encryption method but a lack of one, as it doesn't offer any security for the transmitted data. While less secure than WPA2, WPA (Wireless Protected Access) is still a more secure encryption method than WEP. Wireless Protected Access 2 (WPA2) is a modern and more secure encryption method that should be used when setting up a wireless network.

Which devices are the most integrated into our everyday life, offering features from making calls to browsing the internet to digital photography?

• Mobile Phones

• Home appliances

• gaming consoles

• Laptop

Answer explanation

Mobile phones have become an integral part of our daily lives by offering a vast range of features including making phone calls, browsing the internet, and digital photography. Gaming consoles, although popular, have a more specific purpose of providing entertainment and gaming experiences, hence their usage is not as widely spread or diverse as that of mobile phones. While laptops perform many computing tasks and are portable, they haven't integrated into everyday life as deeply as mobile phones due to their larger size and less user-friendly interfaces for certain tasks, like making calls or taking photos. Home appliances certainly play an important role in our daily lives for specific tasks, but they typically lack the extensive multidimensional functionality provided by mobile phones.

Jane is trying to visit a website in her browser by typing in a webpage's URL (www.example.com). Before the site can load, a conversion must take place. Which process BEST describes what is happening?

• The webpage's URL is converting into a Mac address

• The webpage's URL is converting into a IP address

• The webpage's URL is converting into an hexadecimal code

• The webpage's URL is converting into a binary code

Answer explanation

URL-to-IP translation is the responsibility of the Domain Name System (DNS), which translates a website's URL into the corresponding IP address - the actual location of the website on the internet. MAC addresses are used to identify devices within a local network, not to convert a URL to an IP address. Although IP addresses are indeed converted into binary to traverse the internet, DNS resolution refers to the conversion from URL to IP address. Hexadecimal codes are not used in this context of network communication.

Which of these storage types relies on movable mechanical parts to read and write data?

• Flash Drive

• Hard Drive

• Ram

• Solid Stae Drive

Answer explanation

Spinning disk hard drives rely on a mechanical arm with a read/write head to access data which is housed on the spinning disks, making them the correct option for this question. Flash drive also uses flash memory for data storage, hence there are no movable mechanical parts involved in reading and writing data. Contrary to spinning disk hard drives, solid state drives use flash memory to store data thus eliminating the need for moving mechanical parts. RAM uses electronic memory cells to instantly read and write data, and does not require mechanical components to function.

In terms of data accessibility, which of the following has the fastest retrieval time?

• Cloud storage service

• Optical

• Nas

• Hard drive

Answer explanation

Hard drives grant immediate data retrieval as they're directly connected to the computer. Data access is much quicker than with other storage solutions. Cloud storage services generally have more latency than local storage solutions like hard drives due to internet connectivity and server response times. Optical storage (such as CDs or DVDs) typically have slower access times compared to hard drives due to the mechanical nature of the read/write process. Network Attached Storage (NAS) implies that there might be network-latency associated with retrieving data due to the fact that the data traverse a network before reaching the computer.

Which type of storage device uses non-volatile memory to store data?

• RAM

• GPU

• Cooling System

• SSD

Answer explanation

SSD stands for Solid State Drive, and it uses non-volatile memory, typically in the form of flash memory chips, to store data. SSDs are faster and more reliable than traditional hard drives. GPU stands for Graphics Processing Unit, and it is responsible for rendering and processing graphics. It is not a storage device. A cooling system is not a storage device. Its purpose is to keep the computer components, including the storage devices, cool to prevent overheating. RAM is a type of volatile memory. Volatile memory is storage that loses its data when power is disconnected or turned off.