7SC_ 3.1 Planetary Science Quiz

What holds the planets in their orbits around the sun?

• Gravity

• Magnetism

• Velocity

• Electric fields

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Which two planets are out of order in this list of our solar system? The planets are listed in order as they go out from the sun. Mercury-Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Mars -Saturn-Uranus-Neptune.

• Mercury and Earth

• Earth and Venus

• Mars and Jupiter

• Neptune and Uranus

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What would happen to Earth if it started going faster around the sun?

• It would fall into the sun.

• It would travel away from the sun.

• Its gravity would decrease.

• Its gravity would increase.

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What do we mean when we say that the universe is expanding?

• Average distances are increasing between planets within our solar system.

• Everything in the universe is gradually growing in size.

• Average distances are increasing between galaxies.

• Individual galaxies are gradually growing in size.

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What is an astronomical unit?

• The average speed of Earth around the Sun.

• The length of time it takes Earth to revolve around the Sun.

• The average distance from Earth to the Sun.

• The diameter of Earth's orbit around the Sun.

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From the fact that virtually every galaxy is moving away from us and more distant galaxies are moving away from us at a faster rate than closer ones, we conclude that

• The Milky Way Galaxy is expanding.

• We are located at the center of the universe.

• The farthest galaxies will eventually be moving faster than the speed of light.

• The universe is expanding.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Our solar system consists of

• The Sun and all the objects that orbit it.

• The Sun and the planets, and nothing else.

• A few hundred billion stars bound together by gravity.

• The Sun and several nearby stars, as well as the planets and other objects that orbit these stars.

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When we look at an object that is 1,000 light-years away, we see it __________.​ (a)  

• in the past
• in the furture

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Astronomers infer that the universe is expanding because distant galaxies all appear to ________.

• Be growing in size.

• Be moving away from us, with more distant ones moving faster.

• Be made mostly of dark matter.

• Rotate rapidly.

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Small bodies that orbit planets are called ________.

• Comets

• Planetesimals

• Moons

• Protoplanets

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