Formation of Fossil Fuel

The diagram shows how one type of fossil fuel is formed. How should the arrows in the diagram be labeled?

• Pressure and heat

• Erosion and deposition

• Heat and cementation

• Weathering and compaction

The locations of some oil fields in Texas are shown on the map. Based on the locations of the oil fields, which statement MOST LIKELY describes the environmental conditions in Texas millions of years ago?

• Texas was once covered by a dry desert.

• Texas was once covered by a shallow sea.

• Texas was once covered by a flat grassland.

• Texas was once covered by a tropical rain forest.

A diagram of different sections of land is shown. Which action is most likely happening in Section Y in the diagram?

• Wind and rain compacting rock into larger pieces

• Water carrying rocky material to a new location

• Chemicals in water gluing sediments to each other

• Pressure causing layers of sediment to form over time

Many of America's large oil fields are found underground at the Permian Basin in West Texas. An area of the Permian Basin is shown. How did these oil fields form?

• Dead plants and animals were buried for millions of years.

• Plants were eaten by consumers that left fossilized remains.

• Heat caused underground rocks to undergo chemical changes.

• Rocks at the surface of Earth melted and then solidified.

A three-step process is shown: Deposition, Compaction, Cementation. Which of these are most likely formed by the process shown?

• Glaciers

• Mountains

• Sand dunes

• Sedimentary rocks

Sediments are transported at different speeds. Which type of sediment transport is the slowest?

• Transport by rivers

• Transport by winds

• Transport by glaciers

• Transport by ocean currents

The diagram shows parts of a process that occurred over time. Which process does this diagram most likely represent?

• The erosion of a coastline

• The deposition of sediments

• The weathering of a mountain

• The formation of a sea

Which of these environments could form coal if the area is buried for a long time?

• Image F

• Image H

• Image G

• Image J

The diagram shows layers deposited under a body of water. This layering continued for millions of years. What most likely happened to the dead plants and animals?

• They were eaten by scavengers.

• They became fossil fuels.

• They were washed away by water.

• They became an underground aquifer.

Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.

• Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition, and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.