Unit Four: Evolution Post-Assessment Review

The table shows the percentage of different colors of rats in a population that survive to reproduce. According to the table, which element of natural selection will have the most significant effect on the total population of rats?

• the low percentage of inheritance of black spots

• the high percentage of inheritance of white spots

• the high percentage of inheritance of white fur

• the low percentage of inheritance of gray fur

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

A scientist performs an experiment to determine if natural selection is responsible for the differences in the appearance of the guppies downstream and upstream. The scientist adds 200 guppies each to three large pools. The average number of spots on each male guppy in all of the pools was ten. After six months, the scientist adds killifish to Pool B and pike-cichlid to Pool C. Both of these fish eat guppies. Pool A is used as a control, so no other fish are added to it. The graph shows the result of the experiment. How did the mean number of spots on male guppies vary over time in the scientist's experiment in the passage? Select all that apply.

• In Pool C, the mean number of spots was less than 10.0 by the twentieth month.

• In Pool C, the mean number of spots increased from 10.0 to 10.5 by the sixth month.

• In Pool B, the mean number of spots increased from 10.0 to 11.8 by the sixth month.

• In Pool A, the mean number of spots was about equal to Pool B for the twentieth month.

• n Pool A, the mean number of spots decreased from 13.0 to 12.5 by the twentieth month.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Peppered moths have changed a great deal in England. Before the nineteenth century, the majority of the peppered moths in England were cream-colored with a few dark spots. A few moths carried a rare mutation that made them dark-colored. When the Industrial Revolution began, new coal factories pumped large amounts of soot into the air. Dark soot from pollution covered the surrounding areas near the factories. The population of moths experienced a shift. Years later, laws were passed to control the amount of pollution that factories created and released into the environment. The affected areas slowly began to return to the condition they were in before the Industrial Revolution.

Which graph best represents the changes in the peppered moth populations?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The table shows the record Asia kept of the fur color of a rabbit that would hop into her backyard. What can be determined about environmental factors from this table?

• The fur color of the rabbit was affected by the changing seasons.

• The fur color of the rabbit was the darkest in the winter months.

• Changes in the rabbit's fur color were chosen by the rabbit.

• Changes in the rabbit's fur color followed no pattern.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

A scientist found fossils of three different organisms in three different layers of a rock. Fossil 1 was from 365 million years ago (mya). Fossil 2 was from 375 mya. Fossil 3 was from 385 mya. The scientist diagrammed the arrangement of bones in the fins and limbs of the three fossils, using the same colors to show similar bones. What conclusion can be drawn from the arrangement of bones in the fins and limbs of the three fossils?

• As organisms evolve, their body structures become less complex than those of their ancestors.

• As organisms evolve, their body structures become more complex than those of their ancestors.

• As organisms evolve, the same body structures tend to perform more functions than they did in their ancestors.

• As organisms evolve, the same body structures tend to perform fewer functions than they did in their ancestors.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2