Ultimante Part 2 Bio Test

Experiments revealed the following information about a certain molecule:

— It can be broken down into amino acids.

— It can break down proteins into amino acids.

— It is found in high concentrations in the small intestine of humans.

This molecule is most likely

• An enzyme

• 
  An inorganic compound

• A carbohydrate

• A lipid

The graph below represents the rate of a chemical reaction involving a particular human enzyme that breaks down starch.

The most likely reason the action of the enzyme decreases after 40°C is that

• The DNA in the enzyme mutates and can no longer break down the starch

• Enzymes die after working for a long period of constant activity in the body.

• The shape of the enzyme changes due to environmental conditions.

• As the temperature of the enzyme rises, the pH of the environment changes, deactivating the enzyme.

To capture their prey, spiders have fangs, which pierce the body wall of insects and inject venom. Spider venoms usually contain specific proteins that attack the cell membranes of the prey. The membranes and most of the contents of the insect's body turn into a liquid that the spider then ingests for food.

These specific venom proteins are most likely

• ATP molecules

• DNA molecules

• Biological catalysts

• Regulatory hormones

The diagram below represents a laboratory process.

The substance represented by the scissors shown cutting the DNA is

• An enzyme

• A starch molecule

• A carbohydrate

• A fat molecule

Many disorders are due to the inability of an individual to break down a particular chemical. Sometimes these disorders can be treated by giving the affected individual the appropriate

• Enzymes

• Antigens

• Chromosomes

• Organelles

A fully functioning enzyme molecule is arranged in a complex three-dimensional shape. This shape determines the

• Specific type of molecule it interacts with during a reaction

• Rate at which the enzyme breaks down during a reaction it regulates

• pH of all body systems

• Temperature of the products of the reaction it regulates

Which statement best describes enzymes?

• Every enzyme controls many different reactions.

• The rate of activity of an enzyme might change as pH changes.

• Temperature changes do not affect enzymes.

• 
  Enzymes are produced from the building blocks of carbohydrates.

Which class of molecules is responsible for speeding up chemical reactions?

• Sugars

• Fats

• Genetic material

• Enzymes

Plants such as the Venus flytrap produce chemical compounds that break down insects into substances that are usable by the plant. The chemical compounds that break down the insects are most likely

• Fats

• Minerals

• Biological catalysts

• Complex carbohydrates

In a heterotrophic organism, substance A could be used directly for

• Photosynthesis

• Synthesis of enzymes

• A building block of starch

• A genetic code