PTMS 2033 (1.3&1.4)

In pennate muscle morphology, how are muscle fibers arranged?

• Perpendicular to the tendon
• Obliquely to the tendon
• In a circular pattern around the tendon
• Parallel to the tendon

What does ACSA (Anatomical Cross-Sectional Area) represent in muscle architecture?

• Distance between muscle fibers
• Muscle cross-sectional area perpendicular to its fibers

• Muscle cross-sectional area perpendicular to longitudinal axis

• The angle between muscle fibers and the long axis of the muscle

Why do pennate muscles generally produce greater force than fusiform muscles of similar volume?

• Pennate muscles have longer fibers

• Pennate muscles can fit more fibers into a given length

• Fusiform muscles have a higher pennation angle

• Fusiform muscles have a greater cross-sectional area.

What is the primary factor determining the maximum force a muscle can generate?

• Cross-sectional area of the muscle
• Length of the muscle
• Type of muscle fiber
• Pennation angle

During which type of muscle contraction does the muscle length remain constant, and the tension generated is equal to the resistance?

• Isokinetic contraction

• Eccentric contraction
• Isometric contraction
• Concentric contraction

In which type of muscle contraction does the muscle lengthen while generating tension, often acting as a brake to control movement?

• Concentric contraction
• Isometric contraction
• Isokinetic contraction

• Eccentric contraction

Which term is used to describe a type of muscle contraction that is characterized by rapid and forceful movements?

• Phasic contraction

• Tonic contraction

• Isometric contraction
• Eccentric contraction

In the length-tension relationship of muscles, what is the term for the optimal muscle length at which the muscle can generate the maximum active tension?

• Resting length
• Extended length
• Shortened length

• Contracted length

What does the passive tension in the length-tension relationship refer to?

• The tension generated when the muscle is actively contracting

• The tension generated by the stretching of the non-contractile elements of the muscle

• The tension generated during an isometric contraction

• The tension produced during eccentric contractions

In the force-velocity relationship of muscles, what happens to the force production as the velocity of concentric contraction increases

• Force increases

• Force remains constant

• Force decreases

• Force is not affected by velocity