Blood Flow/Immunity Practice

An activity that occurs in the human body is shown below. This activity helps to do which of the following?

• Provide protection against pathogens.

• Produce antibiotics to control disease.

• Regulate production of ATP by the cell.

• Eliminate harmful gene alterations.

How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?

• Neither responds to antibiotics.

• Both respond to antibiotics.

• Viral diseases respond to antibiotics; bacterial diseases do not.

• Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral diseases do not.

Vaccines are weakened forms of disease causing microorganisms, which are given to patients to prevent disease. After the vaccine is administered, what response to the vaccine is triggered in the body?

• Production of antibodies providing active immunity.

• Secretion of antigens by lymphocytes.

• Absorption of histamines throughout the body.

• Production of temporary resistance to the disease.

What is the body’s first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms?

• Antibodies

• Lymph nodes

• White blood cells

• The skin

White blood cells are an important part of the human immune response. Two types of white blood cells, neutrophils and macrophages, act as phagocytes. Phagocytes perform which of the following functions in the human body?

• They produce antibodies.

• They bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells.

• They form a barrier against pathogens.

• They engulf and destroy bacteria.

Which line in the graph below best illustrates an effect of the carbon dioxide level in the blood on breathing rate before, during and after a period of exercise?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following factors would most directly affect blood flow through the circulatory system?

• Blood pressure 

• Blood sugar

• Respiratory rate

• Outside temperature

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The rate at which blood flows through the human body changes in response to many factors. Which statement describes one of these factors and its effect on blood flow?

• A high viscosity of blood causes an increased resistance in the blood vessels and leads to slow blood flow.

• A low blood pH decreases the rate of diffusion through the blood vessels and leads to slow blood flow.

• The changing of the shape of red blood cells to a crescent shape decreases resistance and lead to a faster blood flow.

• The narrowing of blood vessels increases pressure and leads to a faster blood flow.

Atherosclerosis is a disorder in which substances like fat and cholesterol form plaques that can block arteries. Decreasing the radius of an artery would have which of the following effects?

• Increasing resistance to blood flow

• Increasing blood oxygen levels

• Decreasing red blood cell size

• Decreasing blood pressure

Illnesses can often lead to fever and dehydration. How might these symptoms affect a person’s cardiovascular system?

• Fever and dehydration increases body temperature and fluids, which increase the viscosity of the blood.

• Fever and dehydration increase body temperature and decrease in the amount of fluids, which decrease the viscosity of the blood.

• Fever and dehydration increases body temperature and decreases the amount of fluids, which increase a person’s heart rate and respiration.

• Fever and dehydration increase body temperature and fluids, which decrease a person’s heart rate and respiration.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3