Energy in the Earth System Test

Vivian placed an ice cube in a tray of warm water. The following picture shows her investigation. Which statement describes the energy transfer that happens in Vivian’s investigation?

• • 
    

    Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the ice cube to the water by radiation.

• Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the water to the ice cube by radiation.

  
  

• Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the ice cube to the water by conduction.

  
  

• Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the water to the ice cube by conduction.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The illustration below shows the interaction of different spheres within the Earth system.
Which spheres are interacting?

• hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere

  
  

• atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere

  
  

• cryosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere

  
  

• atmosphere, cryosphere, and geosphere

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Kumar is studying how Earth is warmed by sunlight. The following illustration shows his model of the sun and Earth.
What reasoning explains the process that is mostly responsible for warming the soil in Kumar’s model?

• Conduction between the lamp and the soil causes the soil to warm.

  
  

• Convection currents between the lamp and the soil cause the soil to warm.

  
  

• Expansion of particles in the soil causes the soil to warm.

  
  

• Radiation from the lamp reaches the soil and causes the soil to warm.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The gases that make up Earth’s atmosphere are commonly referred to as air. What are the two most abundant gases in the atmosphere?

• nitrogen and oxygen

  
  

• water vapor and argon

  
  

• oxygen and carbon dioxide

  
  

• nitrogen and carbon dioxide

  
  

Sarah is investigating the transfer of energy in the form of heat. One process that transfers energy between two objects is conduction. Which statement is not true about conduction?

• It involves a transfer of energy in the form of heat.

  
  

• It can transfer energy through empty space.

  
  

• It requires direct contact between the objects.

  
  

• It results in a change of temperature in both objects.

  
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Earth scientists have identified four distinct layers of the atmosphere. What is the correct order of these layers from lowest to highest?

• stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

  
  

• thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere

  
  

• troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, stratosphere

  
  

• troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

  
  

Describe the part of the Earth system called the geosphere.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

Make a claim about why Earth is considered a system. Support your claim with evidence by identifying the main parts that make up the Earth system.

Think about the spheres and how they interact.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-1

In your own words define Conduction, Convection, and Radiation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When scientists talk about a hole in the ozone layer, they are really referring to an area in the atmosphere in which there is a depletion of this important molecule. Why can a hole in the ozone layer be dangerous to people?