Pre-topic 2 (Ch 1)

Which technique first produced unequivocal support for the neuron doctrine of the nervous system (as opposed to the reticular theory)?

• Electron microscopy of nervous tissue.

• Acetylcholinesterase staining.

• Calcium imaging.

• EEG (electro-encephalogram).

• Extracellular electrical recordings

Structure ___ is the main target for incoming signals received from the axons of other cells.

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

A neuron that innervates (i.e., makes synaptic contact with) a large number of other neurons

• represents convergent neural signaling.

• represents divergent neural signaling.

• represents massive neural integration.

• must fire at very high frequencies to be useful.

• can fire only at very low frequencies.

Which of the following is not an established role for glial cells?

• Providing scaffolds that assist neural development.

• Integrating information to assist neural computation.

• Hastening the propagation of neural impulses.

• Maintaining the ionic milieu surrounding nerve cells.

• Assisting synaptic transmission via neurotransmitter uptake.

Which cell type forms the structure labeled C?

• Oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system.

• Microglia in the peripheral nervous system.

• Astrocytes in the peripheral nervous system.

• Schwann cells in the central nervous system.

• Oligodendrocytes in the peripheral nervous system.

Which statement about astrocytes is true?

• They play a role in the formation of the blood-brain barrier.

• They regulate the chemical environment of the peripheral nervous system.

• They produce antibodies.

• They form myelin in the peripheral nervous system.

• They produce collagen in the central nervous system.

The technique that first revealed the tremendous diversity of neuronal cell types, by revealing different cell bodies along with their processes, is

• electron microscopy.

• the Nissl stain.

• cresyl violet staining.

• fluorescence staining.

• the Golgi technique (stain).

During the knee jerk reflex, the role of the spinal interneuron is to _______ the _______ muscle, allowing the leg to _______.

• inhibit; flexor; flex

• inhibit; flexor; extend

• inhibit; extensor; flex

• inhibit; extensor; extend

• activate; flexor; extend

A doctor taps the right knee in an individual who was in a car accident and has sustained damage to the right dorsal root of the lower spinal cord. Which motor response would you expect?

• Right leg extends.

• Left leg extends.

• Right leg flexes.

• Left leg flexes.

• Right leg remains motionless.

Which of the following techniques is not used to study neural circuits?

• Calcium imaging

• Genetic engineering

• Fluorescence microscopy

• Electron microscopy

• Optogenetics