Review - Muscular System Actions

Match the following muscles of the head & neck:

• Occipitalis (occipital belly)

• Draws eyebrows together and inferiorly

• Orbicularis oculi

• Closes eye; produces blinking, squinting, winking

• Zygomaticus (major & minor)

• Fixes epicranial aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

• Frontalis (frontal belly)

• With aponeurosis fixed, raises the eyebrows

• Corrugator supercilii

• Raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle)

Match the following muscles of the head & neck:

• Depressor labii inferioris

• Draws corners of mouth down and laterally (tragedy mask grimace)

• Orbicularis oris

• Draws lower lip inferiorly (as in a pout)

• Levator labii superioris

• Opens lips (elvis muscle)

• Risorius

• Closes lips (kissing muscle)

• Depressor anguli oris

• Draws corner of lip laterally (closed-mouth smile)

Match the following muscles of the head & neck:

• Buccinator

• Closes jaw

• Masseter

• Wrinkles chin; “ugly cry”

• Temporalis

• Flexes & laterally rotates the head

• Sternocleido-mastoid

• Prime mover of jaw closure

• Mentalis

• Compresses cheek (as in whistling/

  suckling)

Match the following muscles of the vertebral column:

• Erector spinae

• Extend & laterally flex vertebral column; extends head and turns face towards same side

• Iliocostalis

• Extends vertebral column

• Longissimus

• Prime movers of back extension

• Spinalis

• Extend & laterally flex vertebral column

Match the following muscles of the anterior thorax:

• External intercostals

• Draw ribs together and depress rib cage

• Diaphragm

• Prime mover of inspiration

• Internal intercostals

• Pull ribs toward one another to elevate the rib cage

Match the following muscles of the abdominal wall:

• External obliques

• Flex vertebral column & compress ab wall; rotating trunk & flex laterally

• Transverse abdominis

• Flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column

• Internal obliques

• Flex vertebral column & compress ab wall; rotating trunk & flex laterally

• Rectus abdominis

• Compresses abdominal contents

Match the following muscles of the pectoral girdle & arm:

• Pectoralis major

• Rotates scapula so its inferior angle moves laterally & upward; Prime Mover to protract & hold scapula against chest wall

• Pectoralis minor

• Stabilizes, raises, retracts, & rotates scapula; shrugging; Prime Mover shoulder elevation (along with Levator Scapulae)

• Trapezius

• Prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially; adduct arm

• Serratus anterior

• Draws scapula downward & forward

Match the following muscles of the pectoral girdle & arm:

• Deltoid

• Extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus

• Latissimus dorsi

• Prime mover of arm abduction - all fibers contract together

• Teres major

• Prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm

Match the following muscles of the pectoral girdle & arm:

• Rotator cuff

• Group of muscles that provide the shoulder with stability

• Supraspinatus

• Chief medial rotator of humerus

• Teres minor

• Initiates abduction

• Subscapularis

• Rotates humerus laterally (inferior to infraspinatus)

• Infraspinatus

• Rotates humerus laterally (right below the spine of scapula)

Match the following muscles of the elbow & hand:

• Brachialis

• Flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm

• Brachioradialis

• Prime mover elbow extension; powerful

• Triceps brachii

• Major flexor of forearm

• Biceps brachii

• Synergist in flexing forearm