2.3 Periodic Properties of the Elements

What is ionization energy?

• The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous species

• The energy required to add an electron to a gaseous species

• The energy released when a gaseous species gains an electron

• The energy released when a gaseous species loses an electron

In which direction does ionization energy increase on the periodic table?

• From top to bottom in a group

• From left to right across a period

• From right to left across a period

• From bottom to top in a group

What is the energy necessary to remove the second electron from a univalent cation to form the divalent cation called?

• First ionization energy

• Electronegativity

• Second ionization energy

• Electron affinity

Which group of elements have low ionization energies and are called the active metals?

• Group IA (Group 1)

• Group VIIA (Group 17)

• Group IIA (Group 2)

• Group VIIIA (Group 18)

What is electron affinity?

• The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous species

• The energy required to add an electron to a gaseous species

• The energy dissipated by a gaseous species when it gains an electron

• The energy released when a gaseous species loses an electron

In which direction does electron affinity increase on the periodic table?

• From left to right across a period

• From bottom to top in a group

• From right to left across a period

• From top to bottom in a group

What is electronegativity?

• The energy dissipated by a gaseous species when it gains an electron

• The energy released when a gaseous species loses an electron

• The measure of the attractive force that an atom will exert on an electron in a chemical bond

• The energy required to add an electron to a gaseous species

Which scale is commonly used to express electronegativity?

• Pauling electronegativity scale

• Mulliken electronegativity scale

• Bohr electronegativity scale

• Slater electronegativity scale

In which direction does electronegativity increase on the periodic table?

• From right to left across a period

• From left to right across a period

• From top to bottom in a group

• From bottom to top in a group

Which elements have negligible electronegativity despite their high ionization energies?

• Group VIIIA (Group 18)

• The first three noble gases

• Group IIA (Group 2)

• Group IA (Group 1)