Mutations AP Bio Quiz

What is a point mutation?

• A type of mutation caused by environmental factors

• A type of mutation that only occurs in RNA

• A type of mutation that affects multiple genes

• A type of mutation that occurs at a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence.

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Explain the difference between a silent mutation and a missense mutation.

• A silent mutation has no effect on the organism, while a missense mutation always leads to a harmful phenotype.

• A silent mutation does not result in a change to the amino acid sequence, while a missense mutation results in a change to the amino acid sequence.

• A silent mutation results in a change to the amino acid sequence, while a missense mutation does not result in a change to the amino acid sequence.

• A silent mutation occurs in non-coding regions of DNA, while a missense mutation occurs in coding regions.

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What is a frameshift mutation and how does it occur?

• A frameshift mutation occurs when a single nucleotide is changed in the genetic code

• A frameshift mutation occurs when the DNA is replicated incorrectly

• A frameshift mutation occurs when the genetic code is read in the correct frame

• A frameshift mutation occurs when the addition or deletion of nucleotides changes the reading frame of the genetic code.

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Describe the impact of a nonsense mutation on protein synthesis.

• Truncated(shortened) and non-functional protein is produced

• The protein produced is longer and more functional

• The mutation has no impact on protein synthesis

• The protein produced is shorter but more functional

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What are the different types of point mutations?

• Fast mutation, Slow mutation, Normal mutation

• Silent mutation, Missense mutation, Nonsense mutation

• Big mutation, Small mutation, Medium mutation

• Happy mutation, Sad mutation, Angry mutation

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How do insertions and deletions differ from each other in terms of mutations?

• Insertions and deletions have no impact on mutations.

• Insertions and deletions both add nucleotides.

• Insertions remove nucleotides, while deletions add nucleotides.

• Insertions add nucleotides, while deletions remove nucleotides.

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Explain the concept of substitution mutation with an example.

• In the example of sickle cell anemia, a substitution mutation causes a change in the RNA sequence, leading to the production of normal hemoglobin.

• Substitution mutation is when a gene is duplicated in the DNA sequence, leading to the production of a different protein.

• In the example of sickle cell anemia, a substitution mutation causes a change in the DNA sequence, leading to the production of abnormal hemoglobin.

• Substitution mutation is when a gene is completely removed from the DNA sequence, causing no change in the organism.

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What is a chromosomal mutation and how does it differ from a gene mutation?

• A chromosomal mutation involves changes in the size of an organism, while a gene mutation involves changes in the color of an organism.

• A chromosomal mutation affects only one gene, while a gene mutation affects the entire chromosome.

• A chromosomal mutation involves changes in the structure or number of whole chromosomes, while a gene mutation involves changes in the nucleotide sequence of a gene.

• A chromosomal mutation occurs in somatic cells, while a gene mutation occurs in gametes.

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Discuss the role of mutagens in causing mutations.

• Mutagens cause mutations by repairing DNA damage

• Mutagens can cause mutations by altering the DNA sequence.

• Mutagens cause mutations by increasing genetic stability

• Mutagens play no role in causing mutations

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How do mutations contribute to genetic diversity?

• Mutations only affect a single individual and do not contribute to genetic diversity.

• Mutations introduce new genetic variations into a population.

• Mutations have no impact on genetic diversity.

• Mutations decrease genetic variations in a population.

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