Quiz about Earthquakes and Volcanoes Practice Test

Question 1

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 6. Today, people are never killed by volcanic eruptions.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 2

Scientists discovered changes in Earth's interior by studying ____.

Accepted Answer

changes in seismic waves

Answer

tsunamis

Answer

tides

Answer

all of the above

Question 3

If, after an eruption, the top of a volcano collapses down, a ____ forms.

Accepted Answer

caldera

Answer

vent

Answer

crater

Answer

volcanic neck

Question 4

Which waves travel the deepest into the center of Earth?

Accepted Answer

P-waves

Accepted Answer

S-waves

Answer

surface waves

Answer

They all travel to the center of the inner core.

Question 5

Along a(n) ____ fault, rock above the fault surface moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface.

Accepted Answer

normal

Answer

reverse

Answer

elastic

Answer

strike-slip

Question 6

A ____ often forms a mountain when layers of lava and volcanic ash erupt and build up.

Accepted Answer

volcano

Answer

caldera

Answer

dike

Answer

batholith

Question 7

The most destructive seismic wave are ____.

Accepted Answer

surface waves

Answer

primary waves

Answer

secondary waves

Answer

P-waves

Question 8

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 3. Cinder cone volcanoes produce quiet eruptions.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 9

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 5. Volcanoes can form on the ocean floor.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 10

The point in Earth's interior where the energy release of an earthquake occurs is the ____.

Accepted Answer

focus

Answer

epicenter

Answer

fault

Answer

inner core

Question 11

Primary waves ____ when they hit the liquid outer core.

Accepted Answer

slow down

Answer

stay the same

Answer

stop

Answer

speed up

Question 12

How many volcanoes erupt each year, on average.

Accepted Answer

around 20

Answer

less than 5

Answer

around 60

Answer

more than 100

Question 13

Secondary waves ____ when they hit the liquid outer core.

Accepted Answer

stop

Answer

slow down

Answer

stay the same

Answer

speed up

Question 14

Kilauea in Hawaii is the world's most ____ volcano.

Accepted Answer

active

Answer

dormant

Answer

explosive

Answer

all of the above

Question 15

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Gas trapped in magma under high pressure can cause explosive eruptions.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 16

How does the amount of silica content change the viscosity of magma? How does this affect the flow of the magma?

Accepted Answer

A low silica content leads to a low viscosity and a faster rate of flow.

Answer

A low silica content leads to a low viscosity and a slower rate of flow.

Answer

A low silica content leads to a high viscosity and a slower rate of flow.

Answer

A low silica content leads to a high viscosity and a faster rate of flow.

Question 17

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 4. Most igneous activity takes place above ground in volcanoes.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 18

Which factor does NOT effect the speed of a seismic wave?

Accepted Answer

season of the year

Answer

temperature

Answer

chemistry of the rocks

Answer

pressure

Question 19

At least ____ seismographs are needed to accurately locate an earthquake epicenter.

Accepted Answer

three

Answer

two

Answer

five

Answer

four

Question 20

Volcanoes can form over a plume, or rising current of hot mantle. As a tectonic plate slowly moves over a plume, a volcano will form and then die as it moves away from the hot spot. Then the next volcano will form. If the hot spot shown made all the islands in the figure, is the plate pictured below moving toward you or away from you?

Accepted Answer

The plate is moving away from me.

Answer

The plate is moving toward me.

Answer

There is no way to tell.

Answer

It is stationary.

Question 21

The magnitude of an earthquake is measured by the ____.

Accepted Answer

Richter scale

Answer

moho discontinuity

Answer

modified Mercalli scale

Answer

elastic limit

Question 22

Along a(n) ____ fault, rock above the fault surface moves upward in relation to rock below the fault surface.

Accepted Answer

normal

Answer

reverse

Answer

elastic

Answer

strike-slip

Question 23

When the force on rocks is great enough, they break, producing vibrations called ____.

Accepted Answer

earthquakes

Answer

faults

Answer

strains

Answer

stresses

Question 24

A normal fault occurs where forces pull two blocks of rock apart. At which kind of plate boundary does this occur? Why?

Accepted Answer

divergent plate boundary - This is where plates are moving apart.

Answer

convergent plate boundary - This is where plates are coming closer together.

Answer

convergent plate boundary - This is where plates are moving apart.

Answer

divergent plate boundary - This is where plates are coming closer together.

Question 25

Which movement of two blocks of rock along a fault causes an earthquake to occur?

Accepted Answer

sliding horizontally past each other

Answer

moving toward each other

Answer

pulling away from each other

Answer

any of the above

Question 26

Looking at the figure that shows world-wide earthquake distribution, the white lines represent plate boundaries. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Earthquakes most frequently occur along plate boundaries

Answer

Earthquakes always occur along plate boundaries.

Answer

Earthquakes rarely occur along plate boundaries.

Answer

Ea

Question 27

Basaltic magma produces nonexplosive eruptions such as those at ____.

Accepted Answer

Kilauea

Accepted Answer

Mount Unzen

Answer

Mount St. Helens

Answer

Mount Pinatubo

Question 28

Which scale would be used to classify an earthquake based on a description found in ancient writings?

Accepted Answer

Modified Mercalli Scale

Answer

Richter Scale

Answer

moment magnitude scale

Answer

all of the above

Question 29

"We all got scared and ran outside. The house was ok, but our old shed fell over." This quote would help a researcher to place an earthquake on which scale?

Accepted Answer

Modified Mercalli Scale

Answer

Richter Scale

Answer

moment magnitude scale

Answer

all of the above

Question 30

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Earthquakes most frequently occur along plate boundaries

Answer

Earthquakes always occur along plate boundaries.

Answer

Earthquakes rarely occur along plate boundaries.

Answer

Earthquakes never occur along plate boundaries.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT studied by geologists to predict volcanic eruptions?

Accepted Answer

animal behavior

Answer

ground deformation

Answer

earthquake swarms

Answer

change in shape of the volcano

Question 32

A break in Earth's lithosphere where one block of rock moves toward, away from, or past another is called a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

fault

Answer

earthquake

Answer

strain

Answer

stress

Question 33

Lava flows like the one from Mount Etna in 2008,

Accepted Answer

can last over 6 months.

Answer

travel quickly and cause many deaths.

Answer

rarely cause any damage.

Answer

never cause towns to evacuate.

Question 34

At a(n) ____ fault, rocks on either side of the fault surface move past each other.

Accepted Answer

strike-slip

Answer

normal

Answer

elastic

Answer

reverse

Question 35

Where can volcanoes form?

Accepted Answer

convergent plate boundaries

Accepted Answer

divergent plate boundaries

Accepted Answer

over hotspots in the middle of plates

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Question 36

The ____ waves are the first to reach a seismograph after an earthquake.

Accepted Answer

primary

Answer

surface

Answer

secondary

Answer

tsunami

Question 37

Which describes the makeup of volcanic ash?

Accepted Answer

particles of pulverized rock and glass

Accepted Answer

pulverized bits of glass

Answer

particles of pulverized rock and vegetation

Answer

pulverized particles of rock

Question 38

If you wanted to avoid earthquakes, which would be the best choice of location?

Accepted Answer

the Great Lakes region

Answer

West coast

Answer

the largest island in Hawaii

Answer

southern Alaska

Question 39

A person located twice as far from an epicenter of an earthquake as another person will notice that the time between the arrival of the primary and secondary waves will be ____.

Accepted Answer

larger

Answer

the same

Answer

reduced

Answer

unnoticeable

Question 40

For the Richter scale, each increase on the scale represents ten times the amount of ground motion recorded on the seismogram. How much more motion is there for a magnitude 7 earthquake than a magnitude 4 earthquake?

Accepted Answer

1000 times

Answer

3 times

Answer

30 times

Answer

3000 times

Question 41

One factor that determines whether a volcanic eruption will be quiet or explosive is ____.

Accepted Answer

the amount of water vapor and other gases trapped in the magma

Answer

the number of cinder cones

Answer

the height of the volcano's vent

Answer

the amount of tephra in the magma

Question 42

In what way do volcanic eruptions affect the climate?

Accepted Answer

They cause a global temperature decrease.

Accepted Answer

They cause a global precipitation decrease.

Answer

They cause a global temperature increase.

Answer

They cause a global precipitation increase.

Question 43

For the moment magnitude scale, each increase on the scale represents 31.5 times more energy released by the earthquake. Which is a good estimate of about how much more motion is there for a magnitude 7 earthquake than a magnitude 4 earthquake?

Accepted Answer

90 times

Answer

27,000 times

Answer

900 times

Answer

3000 times

Question 44

Silica-rich magma ____.

Accepted Answer

sometimes forms where Earth's plates are coming together and one plate is forced under another

Accepted Answer

produces explosive eruptions

Accepted Answer

is thick and gas gets trapped, causing pressure to build up

Answer

all of the above

Question 45

What are the positive results of volcanic eruptions?

Accepted Answer

The climate becomes warmer.

Accepted Answer

Extra sulfuric acid is removed from the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

Rock and soil are enriched with valuable nutrients.

Accepted Answer

Growing seasons become longer.

Question 46

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 2. There is no relationship between plate tectonics and volcanoes.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science