MCQ's_Neurological Disorders and Disease (5)

Weakness in Guillain-Barre syndrome is classically described as

• ascending, and usually at the knee joint.

• descending, and not starting from lower limbs.

• ascending, and usually starts in the distal lower extremities.

• descending, and usually starts in proximal lower extremities.

Autonomic/involuntary nervous system control dysfunctions affect about one third of Parkinson’s disease patients. Which statement best described autonomic abnormalities?

• Orthostatic hypotension only

• Bowel problems-constipation

• Dysphagia and sweating dysfunction

• Dysphagia, sweating dysfunction and constipation

Huntington”s disease and Parkinson’s disease are examples of

• Dementia

• Perceptual disorders

• Dopaminergic disorders

• Extrapyramidal disorders

Bell’s  palsy is defined as

• an acute facial nerve paralysis of known origin

• a chronic facial nerve paralysis of known origin

• an acute facial nerve paralysis of unknown origin

• as an acute trigeminal nerve paralysis of unknown origin

The role of EEG in the diagnosis and classification of seizure types and epilepsy syndromes is well established, except

• it is used in classification and characterization of seizures and seizure syndromes

• it is used to support the clinical diagnosis of a seizure, epilepsy, or epilepsy syndrome in people with epilepsy

• standard scalp EEG represents the combined electrical activity that records only one-third of the cerebral cortex

• most EEG is obtained using scalp electrodes in the ictal (symptomatic) period.

Migraine without aura -International Classification of Headache Disorders -3.

I. Headache attacks lasting 4 to 72 hours

II. Aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity

III. Unilateral location, pulsating quality, moderate or severe pain intensity

IV. During headache at least one of the following: nausea or vomitting or both; photophobia and phonophobia

• i only

• i and ii

• i,iii and iv

• i,ii,iii and iv

Which statement is not true regarding incomplete transverse myelitis is regarded as having a

• Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)

• Low risk of developing multiple sclerosis if mri brain abnormal

• High risk of developing multiple sclerosis if csf oligoclonal bands positive

• High risk for developing other symptoms that will lead to a diagnosis of definite multiple sclerosis

Which statement best describe Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation in meningitis

• CSF sent only for microbiological analysis

• The opening pressure should not be recorded

• Ideally before the first dose of antibiotics is given

• Should preferably be performed after 48 hours of presentation to hospital

Lacunar syndrome (Lacs) was defined as all syndromes with

• unilateral ataxia alone

• a paresis in bilateral body region

• sensory loss in bilateral body region

• aphasia, neglect or other higher ‘cortical functions’

Which statement is true regarding brain death?

• For a normal brain function

• Is an apnoeic test. It is a state when the function of the brain including the brain stem, is still reversible

• Is a neurological diagnosis. It is a state when the function of the brain including the brain stem, is irreversible

• Is a clinical diagnosis. It is a state when the function of the brain including the brain stem, is irreversible