PRAGMA-STYLISTICS

“is the theory of human action which deals with the theoretical reconstruction of linguistic rules at action level as well as at form and meaning levels.”

• LEVINSON

• BULUT

• HICKEY

• AUSTIN

translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style”

• NIDA

• REISS

• HICKEY

• BULUT

Stylistic analysis can be carried out by focusing either on the driving forces of the writer’s creative process, that is, from the author, or on the reader’s perception of the text itself. The first approach coincides with literary stylistics, whereas the second one – with the style of decoding”

• NIDA

• REISS

• ARNOLD

• GRICE

Pragmatics is concerned with how language users interact, communicate and interpret linguistic behaviour and stylistics is concerned with how texts are understood and evaluated.

• CHAPMAN CLARK

• NORGRAAD

• LEVINSON

• DAVIES

pragma-stylistics is stylistic with adding pragmatics components. It is the application of pragmatic concepts to the analysis and interpretation of literary texts.

• CHAPMAN

• HICKEY

• AUSTIN

• DAVIES

“A theory of language understanding that takes context into account, in order to complement the contribution that semantics makes to meaning.”

• LEVINSON

• BULUT

• HICKEY

• AUSTIN

 "style is the effectiveness of a mode of expression".

• NORGAARD

• HICKEY

• CHAPMAN

• BULUT

Pragmatics attempts to explain translation as a procedure and product from the point of view of how, why and what is done by the ST author and what is to be done in the TT rendition

• levinson

• hickey

• leech

• reiss

the pragmatic study of language aims to explore the meaning derived from the context in which the utterance is used. Utterance includes verbal and non-verbal elements and it varies according to different factors such as the context, the topic of conversation and the relationship between speakers.

• arnold

• hickey

• leech

• nida

"the study of style." He also acknowledges that "style is the effectiveness of a mode of expression"

• arnold

• chapman clark

• norgaard

• babajide