LEAP REVIEW 9.1 5 Elements of a Story

Setting is all about “when” and “where.” Location, time of day and weather are all part of a story’s setting. The best setting descriptions often include details that use at least some of the five senses: how a place looks, how it smells, how it sounds, how it feels (that’s called the mood) and maybe--if it’s a setting in a castle with candy walls--how it tastes.

Read the following passage from a story. It was my first day walking the tightrope at the circus. As I stood on the platform, high above the audience's heads, I felt a slight, cold breeze from the open flap of the circus tent. Up that high, I could only faintly smell the popcorn and cotton candy for sale down below. I heard the crowd chanting for me to begin, and I stuck one toe out to feel the thin tightrope wire. I swallowed--it felt like I could almost taste my nervousness. I took a deep breath and let the air fill my lungs. I stepped out on to the wire. Which of the following details contains a description of the story's setting?

• I swallowed...

• ...like I could almost taste my nervousness.

• ...on the platform, high above the audience's heads...

• ...let the air fill my lungs...

Plot is the term for the events that take place in a story and how they relate to each other. When we summarize a story we’re usually describing its plot. A good summary of a story's plot includes three main elements: the conflict, which is the disagreement or different drives of the characters or forces in the story, the climax, which is the most exciting point of the story and the resolution, which is how the conflict ends.

Read the following fairy tale.

A young boy named Jack trades his only cow for beans that he’s told are magic. When he brings the beans home, his mother doesn’t believe that they are magic and becomes angry with Jack. Against his mother’s advice, Jack plants the beans. A huge beanstalk grows. Jack climbs it and finds a giant’s house full of treasure. He takes the treasure from the house and runs away as the giant chases him down the beanstalk. Jack reaches the ground and is able to chop down the beanstalk. He keeps the treasure.

Choose the best summary of this fairy tale's plot.

• After climbing a magic beanstalk, Jack takes treasure from a giant's house, is chased down a beanstalk and chops it down before the giant can catch him. This summary describes the fairytale's conflict, climax, and resolution. It contains the disagreement, the most exciting point that the story builds up to and how the conflict ends.

• Jack trades his only cow for magic beans and plants them. They grow into a beanstalk.

• Jack's mother sends him out to sell their only cow, becomes angry that her son trades the cow for beans and scolds him.

• Jack loves his only cow but chooses to believe that the beans he trades her for are magic.

A conflict is a problem in a story. There are the things that the main character wants or needs to do, and then there are the things that get in the way of what he or she wants to do. That's usually the conflict.

READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE.

Sylvia found her Aunt Caroline especially aggravating. So when Sylvia was told she would have to spend Thursday afternoon with her aunt, she was peeved she had wanted to go skating. Sylvia had been looking forward to it all week, yearning to glide and spin around the rink, hearing only the sound of the blades of her skates over the ice. "But Aunt Caroline never has visitors, "Sylvia's mother reminded her, and Sylvia supposed this was try. Aunt Caroline's house was large and drafty with a big, overgrown garden at the edge of town.

"She doesn't have any visitors because she doesn't want them," Sylvia told her mother.

"Sylvia, don't be rude," her mother said.

But it was try: Caroline discouraged most visitors. Besides Sylvia and her mother, the only person who visited Aunt Caroline was the mailman. "The worst part," Sylvia grumbled to herself, "is Blinkers." Blinkers was Aunt Caroline's very old and very crabby cat. When Sylvia visited, she wasn't even allowed to play in the garden. She had to quietly sit in the living room, watching Blinkers nap. "And I don't even like cats!" Sylvia groaned.

Which of the following best describes the conflict in this passage?

• Aunt Caroline is often lonely.

• Sylvia's mother wants to visit her Aunt Caroline.

• Sylvia would like to go ice skating but has to visit Aunt Caroline.

• Blinkers the cat wants to escape from Aunt Caroline's house.

The theme of a story is an author's message about the world. A theme goes beyond the specific details of one story and is about a universal topic, such as friendship, freedom or loneliness.

Read the following summary of a story:

After they lose their parents in a tragic shipwreck, three children are orphaned and go to live with their strange aunt in a small town in Nebraska. At first, they feel lost and lonely, but eventually, they come to understand their aunt and each other.

Which of the following statements might describe a theme of this story?

• Childhood is a time of great imagination.

• With the love of family, we can overcome grief

• Success requires hard work as well as luck.

• Face your fears and you can defeat them.

Choose the two words that best go with setting.

• who, why

• where, when

• where, why

• why, when

Sylvia describes the events that happen in the beginning, middle and end of the book she just read.

This means that Sylvia is describing the _________.

• character

• conflict

• plot

• theme

Which of these might be an example of a story's theme?

• staying true to yourself is important

• your best friend

• two parents get a divorce

• a boy finds out he has superpowers

Which story element provides the drama in a story?

• theme

• characters

• setting

• conflict

The people in a story are called the ________.

• personages

• characters

• actors

• stars

If your life were a story, one of the characters might be:

• your fight with your mom

• your teacher

• your house

• the year 2015