Unit 4 Exam Review

What was a major political effect of the Reformation?

• The Catholic church was splintered into different sects.

• Women began to gain social status in the communities.

• Dissension and intolerance brought religious fighting.

• Authority was transferred from the church to the state.

Identify THREE artists who were patronized by the Catholic Church during the Renaissance.

• Raphael

• Donatello

• Picasso

• Leonardo Da Vinci

• Michelangelo

The Renaissance and the rise of industrialization in Europe in the 1600s contributed to the --

• decline of the Ottoman Empire

• decline of the Mongol Empire

• decline of the Persian Empire

• decline in the power of the Catholic Church

What major shift occurred in the artistic world during the Renaissance?

• a focus on industry and manufacturing

• a focus on revolution and change

• a focus on nature and humanism

• a focus on religion and migration

The Renaissance developed primarily out of a widespread interest in which of the following?

• Law

• Humanities

• Religion

• Sciences

Which statement describes the political philosophy of Niccolo Machiavelli?

• Majority rules in all things.

• The ends justify the means.

• All people are created equal.

• The best government is no government.

Humanism influences Renaissance art and scholarship by advocating a return to —

• feudal traditions of medieval Europe

• monastic traditions of Spain and Italy

• aristocratic traditions of ancient Persia

• classical traditions of Greece and Rome

How did Machiavelli’s political theory impact Renaissance Europe?

• His view encouraged social revolution in every generation.

• His view endangered royal authority in powerful countries.

• His view emphasized political effectiveness over moral virtue.

• His view elevated ethical responsibility over practical convenience.

Why did Martin Luther attack the Catholic Church in his Ninety-Five Theses?

Select TWO correct answers.

• the belief that the papacy in Germany should be overthrown

• the belief that the Catholic Church was abusing the sale of indulgences

• the belief that Church and state must be completely separate

• the belief that public support would help overturn the decision of his excommunication

• the belief that salvation could be achieved by faith alone

What is one way the Catholic Church attempted to limit the spread of Protestantism during the Reformation?

• by convening the Council of Trent, where Catholic officials clarified religious doctrine

• by creating the University of Bologna, where Jesuit monks taught a classical curriculum

• by holding the Westminster Assembly, where Anglican clergy composed a faith statement

• by supporting the Edict of Nantes, where French leaders expressed a need for religious toleration