Cell Structure and Function Quiz

What is the main role of the cell membrane?

• Protection

• Absorption

• All of the above

• Exchange of gases

Answer explanation

The main role of the cell membrane is to protect the cell, absorb nutrients, and facilitate the exchange of gases. All of the above choices are correct.

What is the main role of the nucleolus?

• Production of ribosomal RNA

• Storage of genetic information

• Cell division

• Protein synthesis

Answer explanation

The main role of the nucleolus is the production of ribosomal RNA, which is essential for protein synthesis.

Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP?

• Golgi apparatus

• Lysosomes

• Mitochondria

• Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer explanation

The mitochondria is responsible for the production of ATP, which is the main energy source for cells.

What is the role of centrioles in a cell?

• Storage of genetic information

• Energy production

• Cell division

• Protein synthesis

Answer explanation

Centrioles play a crucial role in cell division, organizing the spindle fibers and ensuring proper chromosome separation.

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

• Protein processing

• Lipid synthesis

• All of the above

• Transport of materials within the cell

Answer explanation

The main function of the endoplasmic reticulum is protein processing, lipid synthesis, and transport of materials within the cell. All of the above choices are correct.

During a cell division, which structure plays a crucial role in moving chromosomes?

• Lysosomes

• Centrioles

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

Answer explanation

Centrioles play a crucial role in moving chromosomes during cell division.

What is the role of cilia and flagella in a cell?

• Cell division

• Energy production

• Cell movement

• Protein synthesis

Answer explanation

Cilia and flagella play a crucial role in cell movement, allowing cells to propel and navigate through their environment.

What is the process by which water moves across a plasma membrane?

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Filtration

• Active transport

Answer explanation

Osmosis is the process by which water moves across a plasma membrane. It involves the movement of water molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, through a selectively permeable membrane.

After DNA replication, which phase of the cell cycle comes next?

• Mitotic stage

• G2 phase

• S phase

• G1 phase

Answer explanation

After DNA replication, the cell enters the G2 phase of the cell cycle. During this phase, the cell prepares for mitosis by synthesizing proteins and growing in size. The correct choice is G2 phase.

What is the role of stem cells in the body?

• All of the above

• Repetitive cell cycle

• Controlled development into specific tissues

• Specialized cell division

Answer explanation

Stem cells play a crucial role in the body by controlled development into specific tissues.