GH 2 Unit 4: Al-Andalus and the Hispanic Christian Kingdoms

Andalusí society was diverse. The most powerful social group were the Muslims. The social minorities were the Mozarabs (Christians who did not convert), the Jews and slaves. What were the Christians who converted to Islam called?

• Muslims

• Muladíes

• Mozarabs

• Jews

The Nazarí Kingdom of Granada reached its peak in the 14th century, however it was weak. In what year did the Reyes Católicos conquer the Nazarí Kingdom of Granada?

• 711

• 1031

• 1212

• 1492

The Muslim conquest of the Península Ibérica began in the year 711, when they defeated the Visigoth king Rodrigo in the Battle of Guadalete. Many Visigoths took refuge in the north of the peninsula. The Muslims then easily conquered _______, the capital of the Visigoth kingdom, in the year 713.

• Toledo

• Córdoba

• Guadalete

• Poitiers

Al-Andalus became politically divided into several territories, called taifas. This marked the beginning of a period of great political crisis. There were conflicts between the taifas. The Christian kingdoms in the north took advantage of the lack of unity in Al-Andalus. In 1085, the Christian kingdoms took Toledo and the Muslims asked the Almoravids, and later the Almohads, for help. The Almohads lost to the Christians in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212. The Christian kingdoms then conquered all of the peninsula, apart from Granada. What marked the beginning of a period of great political crisis in Al-Andalus?

• Muslim conquest

• Political unity

• Division into taifas

• Christian kingdoms

Abd al-Rahman III declared himself caliph, becoming the head of government and the highest religious authority in Al-Andalus. His son, Al-Hakam II, turned Al-Andalus into one of the most exceptional civilisations of the time. Serious internal conflicts led to the end of the caliphate in the year 1031. What year did Abd al-Rahman III declare himself caliph?

• 711

• 713

• 929

• 1031

Who became the first independent emir of Al-Andalus in 756?

• Abd al-Rahman I

• Al-Hakam II

• Reyes Católicos

• Abd al-Rahman III

Which year did the Franks defeat the Muslims at Poitiers?

• 711

• 713

• 732

• 929

What year did the Christian kingdoms conquer Toledo, marking the beginning of a period of great political crisis in Al-Andalus?

• 711

• 1085

• 1212

• 1492

Who declared himself caliph in 929, becoming the head of government and the highest religious authority in Al-Andalus?

• Abd al-Rahman I

• Al-Hakam II

• Reyes Católicos

• Abd al-Rahman III

Which city did the Christian kingdoms not conquer in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212?

• Toledo

• Córdoba

• Granada

• Seville