IGCSE Coasts Quiz

What are the main processes of erosion on coasts?

• Weathering, sedimentation, subduction, and tectonism

• Hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, and solution

• Freezing, thawing, oxidation, and reduction

• Deposition, corrosion, dissolution, and compaction

Explain the process of longshore drift and its role in coastal erosion.

• Longshore drift has no role in coastal erosion

• Longshore drift is caused by the movement of clouds along the coast

• Longshore drift is the process of sediment being transported inland by the movement of waves

• Longshore drift is the process of sediment being transported along the coast by the movement of waves. It plays a role in coastal erosion by moving sediment away from one area and depositing it in another, causing erosion in some areas and accretion in others.

What are the different coastal management strategies used to prevent erosion and deposition?

• Building skyscrapers

• Dumping trash into the ocean

• Installing wind turbines

• Beach nourishment, building seawalls, constructing groynes, and planting vegetation

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hard engineering coastal management strategies.

• Advantages: Can provide immediate protection, not effective in protecting against erosion and flooding. Disadvantages: Inexpensive to implement and maintain, no negative impacts on the environment and natural habitats.

• Advantages: Can have negative impacts on the environment and natural habitats, expensive to implement and maintain. Disadvantages: Effective in protecting against erosion and flooding, can provide immediate protection.

• Advantages: Effective in protecting against erosion and flooding, can provide immediate protection. Disadvantages: Expensive to implement and maintain, can have negative impacts on the environment and natural habitats.

• Advantages: Not effective in protecting against erosion and flooding, can't provide immediate protection. Disadvantages: Inexpensive to implement and maintain, no negative impacts on the environment and natural habitats.

Explain the concept of beach nourishment and its impact on coastal areas.

• Beach nourishment has no impact on coastal areas

• Beach nourishment causes more erosion and damage to coastal areas

• Beach nourishment only benefits marine life and has no impact on human activities

• Beach nourishment helps combat erosion and increase beach width, providing protection from storm damage and recreational benefits.

How are headlands and bays formed along a coastline?

• Volcanic activity

• Erosion and deposition

• Tectonic plate movement

• Glacial erosion

Describe the formation of a spit and the factors that contribute to its development.

• Tides and moon phases

• Erosion and sedimentation

• Longshore drift and prevailing wind direction

• Temperature and humidity

What are the primary factors that affect coastal erosion?

• Soil erosion, deforestation, and urbanization

• Volcanic activity, earthquakes, and tsunamis

• Wave action, tides, wind, and human activities

• Temperature, humidity, and precipitation

Discuss the role of wave energy and rock type in coastal erosion.

• Only wave energy affects coastal erosion

• Coastal erosion is not influenced by any natural factors

• Both wave energy and rock type are important factors in coastal erosion.

• Rock type has no impact on coastal erosion