Nonexperimental Designs Alternatives to Experimentation

These do not create levels of an independent variable, nor randomly assigned to this levels

These are use when experiments are not ethical or possible or we want to test hypothesis in realistic condition

Non-experimental studies are techniques that:

• Do not manipulate antecedent conditions

• Manipulate antecedent conditions

• Do not manipulate subject behavior

• Manipulate subject behavior

It is the degree to which a researcher can establish a causal relationship between the independent independent variables

The more establish the causal relationship is the ____ the internal validity

• Higher

• Lower

An experiment has a high internal validity when we demonstrate that:

• Only the Antecedent conditions are responsible for group differences in behavior

• Only the Subject behaviors are responsible for group differences in behavior

• Only the Dependent variable are responsible for group differences in behavior

This experiment allows us to draw cause and effect conclusion

Which is true?

• Experiments often achieve higher internal validity than non-experimental studies

• Non-experimental studies often achieve higher internal ability than laboratory experiment

• Experiments often achieve higher external validity, the laboratory experiments

Why are laboratory experiments are often higher in internal validity?

• They control Extraneous variables

• They control independent variable

• They control antecedent conditions

• They control dependent variables

In this, researchers create levels of independent variables, and use procedures, like matching and random assignment to conditions

• Internal validity

• External validity