Chemistry Unit 3 Review

What are the five main types of chemical reactions? Provide an example for each.

• Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponentiation

• Solid, liquid, gas, plasma, and Bose-Einstein condensate

• Synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, and combustion

• Acidic, basic, neutral, alkaline, and acidic

Explain the difference between a synthesis reaction and a decomposition reaction.

• Synthesis reaction releases energy, while decomposition reaction absorbs energy.

• Synthesis reaction only involves one substance, while decomposition reaction involves multiple substances.

• Synthesis reaction combines substances, while decomposition reaction breaks them down.

• Synthesis reaction breaks substances down, while decomposition reaction combines them.

What are the factors that can affect the rate of a chemical reaction? Provide examples for each factor.

• Color, pressure, volume, inhibitor

• Time, velocity, weight, reagent

• Temperature, concentration, surface area, catalyst

• pH, mass, density, solvent

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

How does temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction according to the collision theory?

• Decrease in temperature leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction.

• Increase in temperature leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction.

• Temperature has no effect on the rate of a chemical reaction according to the collision theory.

• Increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the rate of a chemical reaction.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Explain the concept of activation energy in relation to collision theory.

• Activation energy is the maximum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

• Activation energy is the energy released during a chemical reaction.

• Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

• Activation energy has no relation to collision theory.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-4

What is Le Chatelier's principle and how does it apply to chemical equilibrium?

• Le Chatelier's principle explains how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in conditions such as temperature, pressure, or concentration.

• Le Chatelier's principle only applies to solid-state reactions

• Le Chatelier's principle has no application in chemical equilibrium

• Le Chatelier's principle is used to predict the color of a chemical reaction

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NGSS.HS-PS1-5

How does an increase in pressure affect a system at equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's principle?

• The system will not shift at all.

• The system will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas.

• The system will completely stop all reactions.

• The system will shift towards the side with more moles of gas.

State the law of conservation of mass and provide an example to illustrate it.

• When wood burns, the mass of the ash, smoke, and gases produced is less than the mass of the original wood

• Mass can be destroyed in a chemical reaction

• Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. For example, when wood burns, the mass of the ash, smoke, and gases produced is equal to the mass of the original wood.

• Mass can be created in a chemical reaction

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NGSS.HS-PS1-7

Explain how the law of conservation of mass is applied in balancing chemical equations.

• Balancing chemical equations does not involve the law of conservation of mass

• The law of conservation of mass is applied in balancing chemical equations by ensuring that the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.

• The law of conservation of mass is not applied in balancing chemical equations

• The total mass of the reactants does not need to equal the total mass of the products in balancing chemical equations

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NGSS.HS-PS1-7

What happens to the total mass of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction according to the law of conservation of mass?

• The total mass decreases

• The total mass becomes zero

• The total mass increases

• The total mass remains constant

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-7