Intro to Protein Synthesis

What is the structure of DNA and what is its function in the cell?

• DNA is a double helix structure (twisted ladder) made up of nucleotides. Its function in the cell is to store and transmit genetic information.

• DNA is a single-stranded structure made up of amino acids. Its function in the cell is to produce energy.

• DNA is a square-shaped structure made up of carbohydrates. Its function in the cell is to transport oxygen.

• DNA is a triple helix structure made up of lipids. Its function in the cell is to regulate cell division.

What are genes and what role do they play in determining an organism's traits?

• Genes are segments of DNA that determine an organism's traits by providing instructions for building proteins.

• Genes are only found in plants and have no impact on an organism's traits

• Genes are tiny organisms that live inside cells and control an organism's behavior

• Genes are a type of virus that can change an organism's traits

How do genes code for amino acids and what is the function of amino acids in the body?

• Genes code for amino acids through a process called respiration. Amino acids are only found in the brain and have no specific function in the body.

• Genes code for amino acids through a process called photosynthesis. Amino acids are used for energy production in the body.

• Genes code for amino acids through a process called digestion. Amino acids are only important for muscle growth and have no other function in the body.

• Genes code for amino acids through a process called protein synthesis. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which have various functions in the body such as enzyme activity, cell structure, and signaling.

Describe the role of proteins in the body and how they are related to genes and amino acids.

• Proteins have no role in the body and are not related to genes or amino acids

• Amino acids are not necessary for the formation of proteins

• Proteins are essential for various functions in the body, and they are made based on the instructions encoded in genes. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

• Genes are not involved in the production of proteins

Explain how traits are determined by the interaction of genes, amino acids, and proteins.

• Traits are determined by the interaction of hair color, eye color, and height

• Amino acids are responsible for determining the color of genes

• Proteins have no role in determining traits

• Genes contain the instructions for making proteins, which determine traits through the sequence of amino acids.

What are the four bases of DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine

• Thymine, Flouricine, Cytosine and Guanine.

• Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Kryosine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Lorocine

Ribosomes read the genetic material ____________ bases at a time, known as a codon.

• 1

• 3

• 5

• 10

DNA is two-sided. The bases on one side must correctly match up with the bases on the other side. If strand one is ATTGCA, what would strand two be?

• TCCGAT

• TAACGT

• GCCATG

• TTAGGC