Biology Viruses Quiz

What is the basic structure of a virus?

• Genetic material surrounded by a protein coat

• Genetic material surrounded by a lipid membrane

• Protein coat with no genetic material

• Lipid membrane with no genetic material

What are the main components of a viral capsid?

• lipid bilayer

• carbohydrate chains

• protein subunits

• nucleic acids

How does the structure of a bacteriophage differ from that of other viruses?

• It has a carbohydrate coat and cilia

• It has a DNA core and a cell wall

• It has a lipid membrane and flagella

• It has a protein coat and a tail

Explain the role of viral envelope in the structure of a virus.

• It allows the virus to communicate with other viruses

• It helps the virus to evade the host immune system and facilitates entry into host cells.

• It helps the virus to produce energy

• It provides structural support to the virus

What is the significance of viral spikes in the structure of a virus?

• Viral spikes are responsible for the virus's ability to photosynthesize

• Viral spikes help the virus to produce energy

• Viral spikes are used for communication between different viruses

• Viral spikes help the virus to attach to host cells and fuse with the host cell membrane.

What is the first step in the viral replication process?

• Assembly of new viral particles inside the host cell

• Release of genetic material into the host cell

• Incorporation of viral DNA into the host genome

• Attachment to the host cell

Describe the process of viral attachment to a host cell.

• Binding of viral surface proteins to specific receptor molecules on the surface of the host cell

• Viral attachment occurs through the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane

• Viral attachment is a result of the host cell engulfing the virus through endocytosis

• Viral attachment is a random process and does not involve specific receptor molecules

Explain the role of viral enzymes in the replication process.

• They facilitate the synthesis of viral genetic material and the assembly of new viral particles.

• They have no role in the replication process.

• They prevent the assembly of new viral particles.

• They help in the elimination of viral genetic material from the host cell.

What is the difference between lytic and lysogenic viral replication?

• Lytic replication destroys the host cell, while lysogenic replication integrates viral DNA into the host cell's genome.

• Lysogenic replication destroys the host cell.

• Lytic and lysogenic replication have no differences.

• Lytic replication integrates viral DNA into the host cell's genome.

How do retroviruses replicate within a host cell?

• Through the process of photosynthesis

• By directly fusing with the host cell's DNA

• Using DNA polymerase to convert DNA into RNA

• Using reverse transcriptase to convert RNA into DNA