Sedimentary Rock Formation Quiz

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

• Weathering only affects soil, while erosion only affects rocks.

• Weathering and erosion are the same process.

• Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion transports the broken materials.

• Weathering creates new rocks, while erosion destroys rocks.

Explain how weathering and erosion contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks.

• Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller pieces, which are then transported by erosion and deposited as sediment. Over time, these sediments are compacted and cemented together to form sedimentary rocks.

• Sedimentary rocks are formed by volcanic activity

• Erosion breaks down sedimentary rocks into smaller pieces

• Weathering causes rocks to grow larger and form sedimentary rocks

Describe the process of deposition of sediments.

• Deposition occurs when the energy of the transporting medium decreases, causing sediments to settle and accumulate.

• Deposition occurs when the sediments are carried away by the transporting medium.

• Deposition occurs when the energy of the transporting medium increases, causing sediments to settle and accumulate.

• Deposition occurs when the sediments are compressed and solidified into rock.

What is compaction and cementation in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Processes of melting sediments into a liquid form

• Processes of squeezing sediments together and binding them with minerals

• Processes of evaporating sediments into thin air

• Processes of breaking sediments apart and scattering them

Differentiate between clastic and chemical sedimentary rocks.

• Clastic rocks are formed from volcanic activity, while chemical rocks are formed from erosion.

• Clastic rocks are formed from organic matter, while chemical rocks are formed from heat and pressure.

• Clastic rocks are formed from rock fragments, while chemical rocks are formed from mineral precipitation.

• Clastic rocks are formed from animal remains, while chemical rocks are formed from weathering of existing rocks.

How are sedimentary rock layers formed?

• Accumulation and compression of sediments

• Evaporation of seawater

• Impact of meteorites

• Volcanic eruption and cooling

Describe the process of formation of sedimentary rock formations such as sandstone arches or limestone caves.

• Deposition, compaction, and cementation of sediments

• Erosion, melting, and crystallization

• Volcanic eruption, cooling, and solidification

• Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation

What is the role of water in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Water carries sediments to new locations where they can accumulate and form sedimentary rocks.

• Water has no role in the formation of sedimentary rocks.

• Water breaks down rocks into sediments.

• Water solidifies the sediments into rocks.

How does lithification contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Lithification is the process of hardening of sediments into rock through compaction and cementation.

• Lithification is the process of breaking down rocks into sediments.

• Lithification is the process of transporting sediments to new locations.

• Lithification is the process of melting rocks into magma.

What is the role of wind in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Wind carries sediments to new locations where they can accumulate and form sedimentary rocks.

• Wind has no role in the formation of sedimentary rocks.

• Wind breaks down rocks into sediments.

• Wind solidifies the sediments into rocks.