Chapter 5 Vocab

deliberately imposing a treatment on individuals to observe their responses

• simple random sampling

• experiment

• systematic sampling

• observational study

mistakes in mechanical tasks (like doing arithmetic or entering responses into computer)

• practical errors

• nonresponse errors

• conductor errors

• processing errors

the entire group of individuals being studied by a survey

• census

• sample

• simple random sample

• population

a sample survey that attempts to include the entire population

• convenience sampling

• census

• voluntary response sampling

• cluster sampling

observing/collecting/measuring data that already exists without altering/controlling variables

• observational study

• experiment

• census

• convenience sampling

when someone in the sample can’t be contacted, doesn’t respond, or doesn’t cooperate

• nonresponse error

• response error

• undercoverage

• sampling error

What of the following are differences between stratified and cluster sampling?

• in stratified sampling, the groups have something in common

  vs.

  in cluster sampling they do not

• cluster sampling is random

  vs.

  stratified sampling is not random

• stratified sampling is random

  vs.

  cluster sampling is not random

• in cluster sampling, you sample everyone in the chosen groups

  vs.

  in stratified sampling you do not

• in cluster sampling, each group represents a different population

  vs.

  in stratified sampling they do not

a type of sampling error that occurs when some groups in the population are left out of the process of choosing the sample

the part of the population from which we collect information

choosing individuals who are easiest to reach

• simple random sampling

• systematic sampling

• convenience sampling

• cluster sampling