ES Geology Final Exam Review Pt 2

What forces are responsible for shaping the surface of the Earth?

• Tectonic activity

• Solar radiation

• Biological processes

• Magnetic fields

What are the differences between constructive and destructive forces?

• Volcanic activity and erosion

• Plate movements and earthquakes

• Tidal forces and atmospheric pressure

• Building and creating vs breaking down and modifying

What happens to the land above sea level in an area where two tectonic plates are converging?

• Expansion of oceans

• Creation of deserts

• Formation of mountain ranges

• Formation of valleys

How are volcanoes a constructive forces?

• By increasing atmospheric pressure

• By creating new land

• By causing erosion

• By reducing landmass

Describe the relationships between mantle convection and plate tectonics.

• Plate tectonics generate heat in the mantle

• Mantle convection causes plate subduction

• They are unrelated processes

• Mantle convection powers the movement of tectonic plates

Which statement is correct about the layers of the Earth?

• The crust is the thickest layer

• The mantle is composed of liquid rock

• The core generates the Earth's magnetic field

• The core is the outermost layer

What data supports the idea that Earth's outer core is liquid?

• Behavior of S-waves

• Behavior of P-waves

• Analysis of atmospheric pressure

• Observation of volcanic eruptions

What evidence was used to find the boundaries between layers?

• Analysis of ocean currents

• Observation of cloud formations

• Seismic wave velocities

• Study of solar radiation

Where does the energy for thermal convection come from?

• Atmospheric pressure

• Tidal forces

• Heat from the core

• Solar radiation

What is the difference between P-Waves and S-Waves?

• P-Waves travel faster than S-Waves

• S-Waves are compressional waves

• P-Waves cause particles to move perpendicular to their wave direction

• S-Waves can travel through liquids