Database Fundamentals (part 2). second set

In database management, what does the term "User Interface/Utility Access" primarily refer to?

• The process of directly modifying data in a database via SQL commands.

• Assigning roles and permissions to users.

• the use of GUI-based tools or software to interact with and perform operations on a database.

• The process of adjusting the server setting.

Answer explanation

User Interface/Utility Access refers to accessing and interacting with the database using Graphical User Interface (GUI) tools or software utilities. These interfaces provide a visual way to work with data and often abstract SQL commands behind user-friendly controls. While direct SQL commands interact with the database, they typically don't fall under the domain of User Interface/Utility Access. Assigning roles and permissions is important for database management and security, but it does not relate directly to User Interface/Utility Access. Adjusting server settings, although an important part of database management, doesn't fit the concept of User Interface/Utility Access.

Nia is a database manager for a fitness application. A user has recently contacted customer service to correct their recorded weight in the app from 150 lbs to 140 lbs. Which SQL command should Nia use to make the necessary adjustment in the database?

• Insert

• Select

• Update

• Delete

Answer explanation

Nia should use the UPDATE command. This command is used to modify the existing records in a database. With the UPDATE command, she can easily correct the user's recorded weight in the database. The INSERT command is used to add new records to a database, not for updating existing records. The DELETE command is used to remove existing records from a database, not for updating records. The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a database, not for updating records.

What BEST describes the purpose of a record in a database?

• to alter data in a table

• to remove data from a database

• to store related data in various fields.

• to view the structure of a table.

Answer explanation

A record in a database, most often represented as a row, stores related data across various fields. Each field, or column, holds a specific type of information pertaining to the record. The structure of a table is determined by its schema, including columns and data types, not by individual records. Records populate the table according to this structure. While operations can be performed to alter records in a table (like UPDATE operations in SQL), the primary purpose of a record is not to alter data. Records are not directly responsible for data removal. Data removal is accomplished through operations like the DELETE command in SQL.

What is the purpose of a query in a database?

• To connect to the database

• to add new records to the database.

• to format the data for reporting.

• To specify criteria to match values in fields and select information of interest.

Answer explanation

A query in a database is used to extract specific information based on specified criteria. This allows for efficient and targeted access to the data of interest in the database. While a query's results can be used in reports, the query itself is used to extract specific data, not to format it. While queries can sometimes be used to modify the database, their primary function is to retrieve specific data. Connecting to the database is a prerequisite for performing a query, but it's not what a query is used for.

When it comes to databases, which one of the following BEST defines a report?

• a formatted and organized presentation of data

• a set of SQL commands executed in sequence

• a group of related database tables

• a specific type of database query.

Answer explanation

n databases, a report is meant to format and organize data, typically fetched from a database, in a readable format to facilitate decision-making. The term 'report' is not used to define a sequence of SQL commands or scripts. Although a report can use data from a group of related database tables, the term itself refers more to the presentation of data in a readable format. Although a report usually shows the results of a query, it is not a type of query itself. Queries are used to fetch data, while reports present the data.

Kai is part of a team developing a content management system where the data structure is not fixed and can vary greatly among content pieces. Also, the system needs the ability to handle a large amount of unstructured and semi-structured data. Which type of database would be BEST suited for Kai to meet these requirements?

• Key-Value database

• Documented-oriented database

• Relational Database

• Graph database

Answer explanation

Document-oriented databases are designed to store, retrieve, and manage document-oriented, or semi-structured, data. These databases offer great flexibility and are especially useful when the data structure varies greatly. Graph databases are excellent at managing data sets where relationships are crucial. They are less efficient and flexible, however, when dealing with unstructured and semi-structured data typical in a content management system. Key-value databases are known for their speed and simplicity, particularly with simple data models. They are less suited to data structures with varied or complex relationships, like the data in a content management system. While relational databases are efficient at handling structured data, they are less flexible when dealing with unstructured and semi-structured data common in a content management system.

Amanda is a junior database developer who has just started learning about relational databases. Her senior colleague mentioned the term "schema" during a discussion. What does the term "schema" refer to?

• the security measures employed in a database.

• the database software version.

• The set of rules that specify data consistency in a database.

• The structure of a database, including tables and relationships

Answer explanation

A schema in a database context defines the structure of the database itself. It's like a blueprint of the database, outlining details such as tables, fields, data types, indexes, and the relationships between them. While security is a critical aspect of databases, it is not what the term 'schema' refers to. A schema does not directly deal with database security measures. While the type and version of the database software may affect the functionalities available, the term 'schema' does not refer to the software version. While ensuring data consistency is an important aspect of databases, 'schema' is not primarily about data consistency rules. Constraints and rules to maintain data consistency could be a part of the schema structure, but they're not what the term 'schema' mainly refers to.

Which SQL command is MOST suitable for removing existing data from an SQL database?

• Update

• delete

• Insert

• select

Answer explanation

Explanation

The DELETE command is aimed at removing records from a database. This command is perfectly suited for data deletion. The UPDATE command is used to modify existing records in a database, not for deleting data. The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a database, it does not delete data. The INSERT command is used to add new data into a database, not for removing existing ones.