Cycle of Matter and Energy Transfer Quiz

What is the primary source of carbon for living organisms in the carbon cycle?

• Oceans

• Rocks

• Atmosphere

• Plants

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Explain the process of carbon sequestration in the carbon cycle.

• Carbon sequestration involves capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide through natural or artificial processes.

• Carbon sequestration only occurs in the oceans

• Carbon sequestration involves releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

• Carbon sequestration is a process that has no impact on the carbon cycle

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How does energy flow through an ecosystem?

• Energy flows from the stars to producers, then to consumers, and finally to decomposers.

• Energy flows from the moon to producers, then to consumers, and finally to decomposers.

• Energy flows from the sun to producers, then to consumers, and finally to decomposers.

• Energy flows from the earth to producers, then to consumers, and finally to decomposers.

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Describe the role of producers, consumers, and decomposers in energy transfer within an ecosystem.

• Producers convert water into energy, consumers obtain energy by consuming rocks, and decomposers break down living organisms and release toxins into the ecosystem.

• Producers convert carbon dioxide into energy, consumers obtain energy by consuming air, and decomposers break down soil and release harmful chemicals into the ecosystem.

• Producers convert moonlight into energy, consumers obtain energy by consuming stars, and decomposers break down plastic and release pollutants into the ecosystem.

• Producers convert sunlight into energy, consumers obtain energy by consuming producers or other consumers, and decomposers break down dead organisms and waste, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Convert sunlight into energy for plants

• Break down carbon dioxide for plants

• Convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use

• Produce oxygen for plants

Explain the process of denitrification in the nitrogen cycle.

• Denitrification is the process of converting nitrates into carbon dioxide by bacteria in the soil.

• Nitrates are converted into nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria in the soil.

• Nitrates are converted into oxygen by denitrifying bacteria in the soil.

• Denitrification is the process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrates by bacteria in the soil.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the main function of photosynthesis in plants?

• To convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose)

• To produce oxygen for animals to breathe

• To provide structural support for the plant

• To regulate the plant's temperature

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Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in the cycle of matter and energy transfer.

• Photosynthesis produces glucose and carbon dioxide using sunlight, while respiration breaks down oxygen to release energy and water.

• Photosynthesis produces oxygen and water using sunlight, while respiration breaks down glucose to release energy and carbon dioxide.

• Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen using sunlight, while respiration breaks down glucose to release energy and carbon dioxide.

• Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide and water using sunlight, while respiration breaks down water to release energy and oxygen.

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What is the role of decomposers in the process of nutrient cycling?

• Decomposers release toxins into the soil

• Decomposers break down organic matter and release nutrients back into the soil.

• Decomposers have no role in nutrient cycling

• Decomposers absorb nutrients from the soil

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Explain how nutrients are returned to the soil through decomposition and nutrient cycling.

• Nutrients are returned to the soil through volcanic eruptions

• Nutrients are returned to the soil through the decomposition of dead organisms and the process of nutrient cycling.

• Nutrients are returned to the soil through photosynthesis

• Nutrients are returned to the soil through the migration of animals

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3