Architecture variant5

Choose correct answer below about Computer Hardware Structure?

• The motherboard serves as the central hub connecting various hardware components, including the CPU, memory, and peripherals, facilitating communication and data exchange.

• Cache memory, with its rapid access, plays a pivotal role in enhancing CPU performance by providing quick access to frequently used data and instructions.

• The central processing unit (CPU) is the primary component responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, interpreting program instructions.

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile memory that temporarily stores data and program instructions for quick access by the CPU.

Choose correct answer below About Software Structure?

• The application layer, forming a high-level interface, allows various applications to access system resources, serving as a gateway for user interaction.

• The body tag in HTML encapsulates the content of a webpage, defining visible elements such as text, images, and multimedia.

• The strong tag is unrelated to fundamental software structure but rather serves a presentational purpose in styling content.

• The head tag in HTML represents the head section of a webpage, containing meta-information and links to stylesheets.

Resource Manager definition and short information

• A Resource Manager is a crucial operating system component responsible for overseeing the allocation and deallocation of system resources, ensuring efficient utilization.

• Resource Manager is a software supervisor, coordinating resource usage among running processes to optimize system performance.

• The body tag in HTML defines the main content of a webpage and is unrelated to Resource Manager functions in an operating system.

• Resource Manager is a programming language feature allowing developers to explicitly manage system resources for optimized control.

Difference between external and internal memory?

• External memory, like hard drives and SSDs, serves as secondary storage for long-term data retention, while internal memory (RAM) provides fast, volatile storage directly accessible by the CPU for active processes.

• Internal memory (RAM) allows quick reading and writing during program execution, providing high-speed access for temporary storage, while external memory stores data persistently with slower access times.

• The strong tag is an HTML element for creating bold text and is unrelated to the distinction between external and internal memory in computer systems.

What do you know about semiconductor memory?

• Semiconductor memory encompasses various electronic storage devices, including RAM and ROM, relying on semiconductor technology for data retention and retrieval.

• It plays a crucial role in computer systems by providing fast, electronic storage integrated into circuits, offering both volatile and non-volatile memory solutions.

• The head tag in HTML defines the head section of a webpage and is unrelated to semiconductor memory technology.

• Semiconductor memory extends beyond computers, used in smartphones and embedded systems for data storage requirements.

Detailed information about Dynamic RAM (structure, operation, definition, characteristics)?

• Dynamic RAM (DRAM) is a volatile memory storing data in capacitors within memory cells, requiring periodic refreshing to maintain data integrity.

• Its structure involves a matrix of memory cells with capacitors and transistors, facilitating data storage and access.

• Operationally, DRAM functions by reading and writing data through the activation of specific rows and columns, with periodic refresh cycles countering data loss from charge leakage.

• Characteristics of DRAM include high storage density but slower access times compared to static RAM (SRAM), suitable for main memory applications.

Definition of Static Ram?

• Static RAM (SRAM) is a type of volatile memory that relies on dynamic capacitors to store data.

• SRAM is a non-volatile memory that retains data even when the power is turned off.

• Static RAM (SRAM) is a type of volatile memory that retains data as long as power is supplied, without the need for periodic refreshing

• SRAM is a type of non-volatile memory commonly used in main memory applications due to its high storage density.

• Static RAM (SRAM) is a term used for memory that dynamically adjusts its size based on the system's requirements

Difference between DRAM & SRAM?

• DRAM and SRAM are both volatile memory types, but DRAM requires periodic refreshing, while SRAM retains data as long as power is supplied.

• DRAM has higher storage density than SRAM, suitable for main memory with larger capacities.

• SRAM, with faster access times and lower power consumption, is often used in cache memory for quick access to frequently used data.

• The strong tag is an HTML element for creating bold text and is unrelated to the distinctions between DRAM and SRAM.

What do you know about ROM?

• Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile, retaining data even when power is off, suitable for storing firmware and essential system instructions.

• ROM's structure involves fixed data in memory cells that cannot be modified during normal operation.

• Characteristics of ROM include stability and reliability for storing critical system instructions, ensuring consistent functionality.

• Unlike RAM, ROM is not designed for frequent read and write operations, ideal for permanent data like BIOS and firmware.

Types of ROM?

• PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) allows data to be written once and is commonly used for firmware storage.

• EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) enables data to be electrically erased and reprogrammed, offering flexibility for occasional updates.

• Mask ROM is a type of ROM where data is permanently programmed during manufacturing using a mask, making it non-modifiable during the product's lifespan.

• SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory) is a type of ROM known for its rapid access times and is commonly used for cache memory.