Thermoregulation Regents Review Questions

1. The diagram below represents an activity that occurs in the human body. The diagram best illustrates:

• active transport
• synthesis of nutrients
• maintenance of homeostasis
• differentiation

2. Sweating is a process that helps cool the body during strenuous exercise. This is an example of:

• recycling of gases
• cellular respiration
• gene malfunction
• feedback mechanism

3. Activities in the human body are represented in the diagram below. Which title would be appropriate for the diagram?

• Rate of Excretion Varies in Response to Amount of Water Taken In
• Feedback Mechanisms Help to Maintain Homeostasis
• Respiratory Rate Responds to an Increase in Muscle Activity
• The Nervous System Responds to Changes in Blood Sugar Levels

4. Some people with spinal cord injuries do not sweat below the area of the injury. Without the ability to sweat, the human body temperature begins to rise. Which statement would best describe this situation?

• Feedback mechanisms regulate blood sugar levels.
• Gene mutations are increased.
• Energy from ATP is not available.
• Dynamic equilibrium is disrupted.

5. On a hot day, dogs sweat through their paw pads and pant, which helps keep them cool. Both the sweating and panting are

• due to a loss of oxygen
• a failure of cell communication
• due to a lack of adaptation to the environment
• a response to a stimulus

6. A small lizard spends the morning hours lying in the sunlight until its body temperature rises. Later on in the day, the lizard rests in a shady area until its body temperature cools. This type of behavior is important to:

• maintain homeostasis
• detect variations
• attract mates
• obtain nutriens

7. Bumblebees show some ability to control their own body temperature. During cold weather, bumblebees have been observed warming their flight muscles by shivering. The bees are able to maintain a body temperature several degrees above that of the surrounding air. Regulation of their internal body temperature is an example of:

• diffusion
• synthesis
• respiration
• homeostais

8. Changes in external temperatures often result in a person either sweating or shivering, as represented in the diagram below. These responses are one way:

• to counteract feedback mechanisms that would otherwise be beneficial
• to make the body release insulin to control blood circulation
• the body is able to maintain dynamic equilibrium
• skin and muscle cells are able to disrupt homeostasis

9. Anhidrosis is the inability to sweat normally. If the human body cannot sweat properly, it cannot cool itself, which is potentially harmful. Anhidrosis most directly interferes with:

• a feedback mechanism that maintains homeostasis
• an immune system response to harmless antigens
• the synthesis of hormones in the circulatory system
• the enzymatic breakdown of water in cells

10. An individual walks out of his air-conditioned (75°F) home into the hot outside environment (85°F). His ability to adjust to this changing environment involves a mechanism similar to:

• the regulation of water loss by guard cells in plant leaves
• the digestion of carbohydrates by enzymes
• using ATP for the diffusion of water
• glucose production in the pancreas