ASSESSMENT OF PULMONARY FUNCTION

What are the key features to look for in a chest X-ray for the assessment of pulmonary diseases?

• Color and texture of the skin

• Presence of infiltrates, consolidation, nodules, cavities, and pleural effusions

• Size and shape of the liver and spleen

• Presence of heart murmurs and arrhythmias

How can a chest X-ray help in the classification of pulmonary diseases?

• It can diagnose skin conditions

• It provides a detailed analysis of blood samples

• It provides images of the lungs to show abnormalities

• It measures the oxygen levels in the body

What are the normal values for pH, PaO2, and PaCO2 in arterial blood gas analysis?

• pH (7.0-7.2), PaO2 (80-110 mmHg), and PaCO2 (40-50 mmHg)

• pH (7.50-7.60), PaO2 (120-150 mmHg), and PaCO2 (50-60 mmHg)

• pH (7.35-7.45), PaO2 (75-100 mmHg), and PaCO2 (35-45 mmHg)

• pH (6.0-6.5), PaO2 (50-70 mmHg), and PaCO2 (25-35 mmHg)

How is arterial blood gas analysis used in the assessment of pulmonary diseases?

• It helps in assessing the levels of sodium and potassium in the blood

• It is used to determine the heart rate and blood pressure

• It helps in assessing the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, as well as the pH and bicarbonate levels, which can aid in diagnosing and monitoring pulmonary diseases.

• It is used to measure cholesterol levels in the blood

What are the parameters measured in pulmonary function tests?

• lung volume, capacity, flow rates, and gas exchange

• bone density and muscle mass

• blood pressure and heart rate

• brain activity and cognitive function

How are pulmonary function tests helpful in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases?

• They help in diagnosing skin diseases

• They help in monitoring heart rate

• They help in measuring lung function and gas exchange.

• They help in measuring blood pressure

What are the indications for performing a bronchoscopy procedure in the assessment of pulmonary diseases?

• To diagnose gastrointestinal issues

• To assess pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer, chronic cough, hemoptysis, unexplained infiltrates on chest imaging, and evaluation of airway abnormalities.

• To evaluate dental problems

• To assess skin diseases

What are the potential complications of a bronchoscopy procedure?

• Nausea and vomiting

• Visual disturbances and hearing loss

• Joint pain and muscle aches

• Bleeding, infection, pneumothorax, and respiratory failure

What are the different techniques used for obtaining lung biopsy samples?

• Bronchoscopy, Needle biopsy, Surgical biopsy

• Endoscopy biopsy, Colonoscopy biopsy, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy biopsy

• Ultrasound biopsy, PET scan biopsy, Echocardiogram biopsy

• X-ray biopsy, CT scan biopsy, MRI biopsy

How is the choice of lung biopsy technique influenced by the suspected pulmonary disease?

• Different diseases may require different biopsy methods

• The choice of lung biopsy technique is not influenced by the suspected pulmonary disease

• The biopsy technique is only influenced by the patient's age

• All pulmonary diseases require the same biopsy method